BOTANICAL TERMS AND DEFINITIONS. ^ xE 
stalk, or internal, the internal stipules sometimes embrace 
the stems in an undivided tube; in form, linear at the base 
but gradually tapering towards a point, or shaped like a 
crescent ; in attachment, connected directly with the stem, 
or with the petal ; in direction, erect, or variously reflected. 
Straight, (Rectus) applied to stems that are perfectly straight i. e. 
without any bend. 
Striated, (Striatus) applied to stems marked with fine parallel 
lines. 
Smooth, (Glaber) applied to stems is opposed to all kinds of 
hairiness or pubescence. 
Stem, (Caulis) that part of a plant which elevates from the root 
the flowers and leaves, and comprehends the trunk and 
branches of all trees and shrubs. 
Strobile, (Strobilus) a seed vessel composed of ligneous scales, 
which enclose the seeds : a strobile is a catkin hardened 
and enlarged into a seed vessel. 
Style, (Stylus) that part of the pistillum which elevates the stigma 
above the germen. The style is sometimes wanting, and is 
not absolutely essential. 
SuBGLOBULAR, is used to express a form not perfectly globular or 
spherical. 
Submerged, (Demersum vel Submersum) applied to leaves plunged 
or growing under water, and never rising to the surface. 
SuBOVATE, this term is used to express a form not perfectly ovate. 
SuBROTUNDUM, vide Roundish. 
Subsessile, applied to leaves having very short footstalks. 
SuBULATUM, vide Awl-shaped. 
Sulcate or Furrowed, (Sulcatum) applied to stems marked with 
broad deep lines ; also to leaves marked with broad deep 
parallel lines. 
Sword-shaped, (Ensi/orme) applied to two-edged leaves, slightly 
convex on both surfaces, and gradually tapering to a 
point from the base to the apex. 
Tail, (Cauda) an elongated appendage to many seeds, fornled of 
the permanent style : this appendage is generally feathery. 
Tendril, (Cirrus) an appendage to many plants of a spiral form ; 
its use is to clasp and wind round other bodies, by which 
means weak and climbing stems support themselves, and 
rise to a great height. 
Terminal, (Terminalis) when applied to a peduncle implies that it 
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