CA.RUM CARUI. 
191 
in every instance be substituted for the recent juice. Lemon juice 
is also an ingredient in many pleasant refrigerant drinks, which are 
of great use in allaying febrile heat and thirst ; the most common 
of these is the well known beverage, lemonade. The essential oil 
of the rind is added to some plasters and ointments for »he sake of 
its odour. 
Off. The Fruit. 
Off, Pp. Aqua Citri Medicae, E. D. 
Oleum Citri Medicae, L. E. D. 
Syrupus Citri Medicae, L. E. D. 

CARUM CARUI. 
Commo7i Car r away,* 
Class. Pentandria. Order DiGYNiA. 
Nat. Ord. Umbellifer^, Linn. 
Gen. Char. /wvoZwcre one-leafed. Pe^a/* inversely heart- 
shaped. Fruit elliptical, oblong, with equi-distant ribs ; 
interstices convex and striated. Calyx 0, or very minute. 
Spec. Char, ^^fem branched. Partial Involucres none. 
The Carum C arui, or Kaaropog op%/5 of Dioscprides, is an umbel- 
liferous biennial plant, a native of Europe, and has been found wild 
in many parts of Britain, particularly in some of the rich meadows 
in Lincolnshire and Yorkshire. It is now ranked by many botanists 
among our indigenous plants. This species of carraway is cultivated 
in large quantities for culinary and medicinal purposes, particularly 
for the former. By cultivation the seeds are said to be larger, more 
aromatic, and more oily than those of the wild plant. The plant 
flowers in June, and the seeds ripen in August and September. 
The root is spindle-shaped, long and thick ; the stem rises to the 
height of from two to three or four feet, erect, round, channelled, 
branched and leafy ; the lower leaves are eight or ten inches long. 
♦ Fig. a. Magnified flower, b. The germen and styles magnified, c. A stamen. 
