46 
VERTEBRATA. 
pies and tombs are found to represent the Egyptian people through the whole period within the 
Bcope of history — a space of nearly six thousand years — as of the same physiological formation, 
and that of a distinct and peculiar type, represented by the Fellahs or true Egyptians of the present 
day. It appears, in fact, that the black, white, red, and yellow races were known and recognized 
as distinct types* -3300 years ago. The inference is, that not only the Egyptians, but the negroes 
THE FOUR KACES OF THE EGYPTIAN MONUMENTS. 
as well as the other races, however they may in some cases be modified by circumstances, arc per- 
manent types, extending through all time as far as they can be traced. Hence it is concluded that 
they are primordial races, or, in other words, original and distinct nations, created in their partic- 
ular geographical centers, and, guided by a controlling law of nature, have remained from genera- 
tion to generation, like the animal and vegetable tribes with which they are associated, in their 
original sites. The persistence of other historical nations in their physical characteristics, if not in 
their original habitats — as the Jews, Chinese, Mongols, Romans, Greeks, Huns, and others — is 
regarded as confirming this view of the subject. The late Dr. Morton, of Philadelphia, after a 
most elaborate examination of a vast number of skulls of diff'erent nations, including several from 
the ancient tombs of Egypt, came to the same general conclusion — viz., that mankind, from the 
dawnings of history, appear to have been divided into several races of distinct types as at the 
present day, and hence he concludes that they were, in the beginning, distinct creations. 
It is obvious that this inquiry spreads over a vast field, which, however, has been explored 
vvith immense learning and research. We cannot pretend to do more than indicate the nature 
authors, differs somewhat, but they all fix the period uearly as far back as 4000 b. c. The following are the eras of 
Menes, according to the most reliable authorities; 
Boch 5702 
Barucchi ; 4890 
Lesaeur 5773 
Eev. Dr. Hincks 8895 
Dr. Pickering 4400 
Champollion-Figeac 5867 
Bunsen 8643 
Lepsius 8893 
Eev. J. Kenrick 3892 
Henry 5803 
Whatever views may be taken of the origin of the human race, there is conclusive reason to believe that the com- 
mon date of 4004 years b. o., derived from Archbishop Usher's Bible Chronology, for the period of the Mosaic crea- 
tion and the beginning of mankind, is much too recent. It is probable that the actual date of man's creation is 
one of those secrets which will ever bafiie human scrutiny ; but that it is much further back in the records of time 
than has been usually supposed, is now regarded as certain by leading authorities. 
* The above figures, copied from the Egyptian monuments, may be seen in the works of Lepsius, Kossellini, 
and Champollion. 
