52 
VERTEBRATA. 
AFRICAN NEGRO : KING OF ASHANTi'.E. 
3. THE ETHIOPIAN VAEIETY. 
Skin and eyes black ; hair black and woolly ; skull compressed laterally, and elongated toward 
the front ; forehead low, narrow, and slanting ; cheek-bones prominent ; jaws narrow and pro- 
jecting ; upper front teeth oblique ; chin receding. The eyes prominent ; the nose broad, thick, 
flat, and confused with the extended jaw ; the lips, and particularly the upper one, thick. 
All the natives of Africa, not included in the first variety, belong to this. 
4. THE AMERICAN VAEIETY. 
Skin dark, and more or less of a red tint ; black, straight, and strong hair ; small beard ; and 
a countenance and skull veiy similar to the Mongolian. The forehead low ; the eyes deep ; the 
face broad, particularly across the cheeks, but not so flattened as in the Mongols ; mouth large, 
and lips rather thick. 
This variety includes all the aboriginal Americans except the Esquimaux. Nevertheless, there 
seems to be some dilference between the Toltec family which founded Mexico and Peru and the 
great mass of inferior tribes which remained in a barbarous state. " One of the most singular 
features in the history of the American continent," says Cuvier, " is, that the aboriginal races, with 
few exceptions, have perished, or constantly receded, before the Anglo-Saxon race, and have in no 
instance either mingled with them as equals, or adopted their manners and civilization." 
"The barbarous races of America," says Dr. Nott, "excluding the Toltecs, are essentially un- 
