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VERTEBRATA. 
THE EHTNOPOMUS MICROPHTLITJS WALKING. 
long, slender, and extensile tongue, thinly covered with hair, Avhich. they nse in sucking the blood 
of their victims, by rapidly extending and retracting it in the incision they have made, thus vindica- 
ting their scientific name, which is equivalent to tongue-eaters. They are insectivorous, but yet are 
said to suck the blood of men and animals, as already described. They are found in Guiana and 
Brazil. The principal species are the Olossophaga soricina ; G. amplexicaudata ; G. caudata ; 
and G. ecaudata. 
Genus STENODERMA, Stenoderma, are noted for short or nearly rudimentary tails, a large 
short head, lips studded with warts, and a tongue adapted lor suction. They are accustomed to 
suck the blood of sleeping animals. The best-known species are the S. rufum ; S. iJerspicillatum ; 
S. lilium ; S. lineatum ; S. rotundatum ; S. cavemarum ; and S. Chilienses. 
Genus DESMODUS, Desmodus^ have powerful incisor, as well as sharp cutting canine teeth : 
they have no visible trace of a tail. Their habits are little known, but they are supposed to re- 
semble the preceding genus. The Desmodus 7'u-^us, extending across the warm parts of the 
South American continent, is the only known species. 
THE RHINOLOPHIDES 
This name, from the Greek rhin, the nose, and lophos, a crest, signifies nose-crested, and is ap- 
plied to this family because of the membraneous appendages on their nose, giving them a singular 
and often forbidding appearance. They are peculiar to the Eastern Continent and Australia, and 
are very widely distributed. In England, where they are called Horseshoe Bats, there are two 
species. They all have the anterior appendage surrounding the nostrils, this being somewhat of 
the shape of a horse-shoe. There are several species, which are of various sizes, the largest, the 
Great Horse-shoe Bat, being about two and a half inches long in the body. They are insectivo- 
rous, some of them feeding on cock-chaffers. 
Genus MEGADERMA : Megaderma. — The animals of this genus are destitute of tails ; the ears 
are so large as to unite in the middle ; the nasal appendages have also a great development. 
Some of the species suck the blood of other bats, and some occasionally take a sip of the blood of 
frogs. The species are the M. lyra, found in India ; the M. frons in Gambia ; and the M. spasma 
in Java. 
Genus RHUSTOPOMA : Rhinopoma. — The bats of this genus have a long, slender tail, without 
