CLASS I. MAMMALIA: ORDEIi 5. CARNIVORA. 
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fury. A peasant of Dalecarlia, one day, in a forest, fell in with a young bear, which had taken 
refuge in a tree. This he shot at, and brought the cub to the ground ; but his triumph was 
of short duration, for its cries soon attracted the mother, all savage with rage, to its rescue. 
Having discharged his gun, he was quickly overpowered, and desperately bitten in several 
places. He would inevitably have lost his life, had not the bear at length severely wounded 
herself upon the long knife which he carried attached to his girdle. Feeling the pain, she turned 
from him, and spying her cub on the ground, which now lay dead, she took it up in her mouth, 
and bore it off, to the no small relief of her antagonist. 
The Black Bear of Europe, Ursus Niger Europmis of Cuvier, is now generally regarded 
as a variety only of the preceding species. The Bear of the Pyrenees or of the Asturias, whose 
young are of a yellowish white, with black feet, is also supposed to be a variety of the same. 
Asia can boast of several species of bear. The Siberian Bear, IT. collaris, resembles the 
brown bear, but has a white band passing over the shoulders to the bi-east. The U. Thihetanus^ 
found in the Ilimalayah Mountains and in Japan, has a thick neck, a flat head, large ears, a 
compact body, clumsy limbs, and rather weak claws. It is black, of moderate size, and very 
much resembles the European bear. The U. Isahellinus is found in the Ilimalayah range. A 
specimen in the Zoological Gardens of London was nearly white, and it is conjectured that it 
may be a variety of the Arctic bear. 
The U. Syriaciis, no doubt the species spoken of in the Bible and already alluded to, is of a 
fulvous white, varied with tawny spots. Two fine specimens have been in the Zoological Gardens. 
The U. labiatus, the Big-lipped or Sloth Bear — also called the Jungle Bear, the Five- 
fingered Sloth, Sloth Bear, and Ursine Sloth — inhabits the mountainous parts of India. 
It is of the size of the brown bear, and has a most uncouth — nay, even a deformed appearance. 
Its back is humped, the limbs short, the head depressed. The nose is capable of extension, and 
the lips are protrusile. The fur is long and shaggy, of a black color, Avith brown spots. Under 
the neck and on the breast is a white mark. It lives in caverns, and feeds on fruits, honey, and 
white ants. In captivity it is mild but melancholy. A pair were kept for some time in the 
gardens of the Zoological Society. They lived very sociably, and often lay huddled together, 
uttering a kind of rattling but low Avhine, or purring, which was continuous and monotonous, 
but not entirely unmusical ; indeed, by more than one who heard it, it was termed their song. 
The paw was generally at the mouth when they made this noise. 
The Malayan Sun Bear, the Bruang of the Malays, U. Malayanus, is jet black, with the muzzle 
of a yellowish tint, and has a semilunar white mark upon the breast. Its appetite for delicacies 
is extremely keen. The honey of the indigenous bees of its native forests is supposed to be a 
favorite food ; and certainly the great length of the tongue is well adapted for feeding on it. 
Vegetables form its chief diet, and it is said to be attracted to the vicinity of man by its fondness 
for the young shoots of the cocoa-nut trees, to which it is very injurious. It has frequently been 
taken and domesticated. In confinement, it is mild and sagacious. Sir Stamford Baffles thus 
describes the manners of one which appears to have been deservedly a great favorite : 
" When taken young," he says, " they become very tame. One lived for two years in my 
possession. He v>' as brought up in the nursery with the children ; and, when admitted to my 
table, as was frequently the case, gave a proof of his taste by refusing to eat any fruit but 
mangosteens, or to drink any wine but champagne. The only time I ever knew him to be out 
of humor was on a,n occasion when no champagne was forthcoming. He was naturally of an 
affectionate disposition, and it was never found necessary to chain or chastise him. It was usual 
for this bear, the cat, the dog, and a small blue mountain bird, a lory of New Holland, to mess 
together and eat out of the same dish. His favorite playfellow was the dog, whose teasing and 
worrying were always borne and returned with the utmost good-humor and playfulness. As he 
grew up, he became a very powerful animal, and in his rambles in the garden he would lay hold 
of the largest plantains, the stems of which he could scarcely embrace, and tear them up 
by the roots." 
The BoRNEAN Bear, the Helarctos euryspilus^ differs from the Malayan bear principally in 
having a large orange-colored patch, deeply notched at its upper part, upon the chest. In size 
