CLASS I. MAMMALIA: ORDER 6. PINNIPEDIA. 
335 
ceived in the wars. The younger active sea-lions, with all the females and the cubs, lay together. 
When undisturbed, they were often observed caressing each other in the most tender manner, 
and their snouts met together as if they were kissing. The same author states that they come 
on shore on those uninhabited spots to breed, and that they do not feed during their stay on 
land, which sometimes lasts for several weeks; they then grow lean, and swallow a consider- 
able quantity of stones to distend the stomach. He adds that the stomachs of many of them 
were found entirely empty, and those of others were filled with ten or twelve round heavy stones, 
each of the size of the two fists. 
These animals appear to be much less numerous than formerly ; they have also, no doubt, 
somewhat changed their habits since the time of Cook, for recent voyagers speak of severe bat- 
tles with these huge beasts on the shores of the Antarctic islands. 
OenuB HALTCHQ2RUS : Hcdichoerua. — Of this genus is the Gray Seal, H. gnjplius^ found 
in the Baltic and along the coasts of Ireland, and thence northward to Iceland. Its coat is white 
and silky ; it goes in small parties, which bark somewhat like dogs. The length is seven to eight 
feet. There are said to be several other species of this kind of seal, among which is the H. 
Antarcticus, but they have not been verified. 
It may be added generally, that there are doubtless some species of seal not known to natural- 
ists, and not included in the preceding enumeration ; but the most remarkable and interesting 
kinds, especially those of commercial importance, will be found in the account we have given. It 
may be well to state, however, that some naturalists mention the following species : Tortoise- 
Head Seal, Phoca iestudinea, inhabiting the European seas; the Lakhtak, P. LaJchtak, found 
on the shores of Kamtschatka; the Tiger-Seal, or the Sea-Dog, P. punctata, or P. maculata, 
or P. nigra, found along the Kurile Islands and Behring's Straits; the Sea-Wolf, Phoca jnisilla, 
or P.parva; the Otaria cinerea, and the 0. albicollis, all found in the Australian waters; the 0. 
coronata, and 0. Jlavescens, their locality not known; the Sea-Hog, 0. porcina, inhabiting the 
coasts of Chili, and the 0. Hauvillii, found in the Falkland Isles. 
Genus W^ALRUS : Trkhecus. — Of this there is a single species, T. rosmarus, which has the 
various English names of Morse, Sea-Horse, and Sea-Cow; the French give it the titles of 
Vache marine^ Cheval marin^ and BHe a la grande-dent. It differs in many particulars from the 
seals, and especially in the cranium and teeth. In the adult lowei' jaAv there are neither incisors 
nor canines, and the lower jaw itself is compressed anteriorly, so as to fit between the two enormous 
tusks or canines of the upper jaw, which are sometimes two feet long and proportionably thick, and 
directed downwards. The great alveoli, or sockets for containing these formidable teeth, produce 
the characteristic form of the skull of the walrus, and make the anterior part of the upper jaw pre- 
sent an immense convex muzzle, the nostrils having an upward direction, and not terminating at the 
