CLASS I. MAMMALIA: ORDEK 9. RUMINANTIA. 
503 
BEIVING WILD CATTLE OF THE MAREMMA. 
heavy coverlet that completely enwraps liim. These mdefatigable walkers are no less excellent 
riders : they possess a fine race of horses, which are employed for drawing lighter vehicles, while 
the heavier wagons are drawn by the slow oxen. There are no high-roads in Moldavia ; the 
plain is open, and each traveler chooses his own track, and it is often with difficulty that the 
oxen can drag their way through heavy ground : storms of wind, rain, or snow make the matter 
worse, so that a passage can only be achieved by great patience, labor, and resolution. 
OTHER VARIETIES OF CATTLE. 
Africa has several breeds of domestic cattle ; those of Senegal are not larger than a common 
yearling calf; Abyssinia has a breed called Galla^ the horns of which are very tall and lyre- 
shaped. Animals of this breed are used at the Cape of Good Hope, and are called the Cape Ox. 
When the Dutch took possession of the Cape of Good Hope and the adjacent country, about two 
centuries ago, the^^ found the Hottentots a pastoral people, and possessed of large flocks and herds. 
The cattle are of the breed we have been describing. They are not only trained for draught and 
riding, but certain tribes employ them in war. Kolben describes them as follows : " Every 
army is provided with a large troop of these war-oxen, which are called BaJce-leys ; they permit 
themselves to be governed without trouble, and their leader lets them loose at the appointed 
moment. The instant they are set free they throw themselves with impetuosity on the opposing 
army ; they strike with their horns, they kick with their heels, they overthrow, they rip up and 
trample beneath their feet, with frightful ferocity, all that oppose them ; they plunge with fury 
into the midst of the ranks, and thus prepare for their masters an easy victory. The manner 'm> 
which the^e oxen are trained and disciplined certainly does great honor to the talent of these' 
people." Levaillant, who visited the country in 1*791, confirms this statement. At the present, 
day the Hottentots are a mere fragment of the ancient tribe. 
The CatFers, Corannas, and other tribes, have oxen in abundance, which are employed as beasts- 
of burden. The Corannas are a nomadic race, frequently removing with their flocks and herds to 
fresh pasture land ; and transporting their mats, tents, and utensils strapped on the back of oxen, 
which also carry themselves and their wives and children. 
"Fast by his wild resounding river 
The listless Coran lingers ever ; 
Still drives his heifers forth to feed, 
Soothed by his gorrah's humming reed ; 
