CLASS I. MAMMALIA: ORDEK 10. SOLIDUNGULA. 
609 
"are hauling omnibuses and hacks, driving in light carriages, and traveling or moving freight from 
place to place in the larger towns or cities. Some horses are still used under the saddle, but the 
number thus employed in the United States is comparatively very small, and in New England a 
person is rarely seen on horseback." 
"In addition to these Tarieties, there are in various parts of the country families claiming more or less alliance to 
the thoroughbred. Of these, the Messengers, the Hamiltordans, the Henrys, the Bellfoimders, are perhaps the most 
noted, as they were generally well-formed, fine-moving, fast-going, and enduring horses. 
"The stock descended from Messenger, Hamiltoniau, and some others, proved verj^ valuable; many of them were 
excellent roadsters, and some of them were fast trotters. Hence, it soon became polic}'' for dealers to advertise their 
liorses as descended from those whose stock was known to be good, and at the stables of those dealers whose honesty 
is not of the adamantine kind, you can usually purchase a horse of any of the well-known families, provided you give 
a reasonable hint of the stock j'ou prefer. Hundreds of horses are sold every year as Morgans, Messengers, Hamil- 
tonians, &c., who have not a particle of the blood they are represented to possess. 
"The observant traveler through the difl'erent states of the Union, who possesses any taste for a horse, cannot fail 
to mark the striking diiference in the general character of the horses of different sections of the country. In the 
New England States he sees a compact, hardj- stock of horses, of medium size, with high carriage — good travelers, 
and extremely gentle and tractable driving-horses. 
"In almost every county he may find descendants of the Justin Morgan, and in some he will see that they com- 
prise a large portion of the stock. Along the Canada border he will see many specimens of the Freneli- Canadian 
Tiorse, and in some parts of Massachusetts and Connecticut he will see descendants of the Norman, the Flemish, and 
the Danish Aorse. 
" Throughout New England he will see evidences of the blood of the Fnglish racer and the Araiian ; Messenger, 
Dey of Algiers, Hamiltonian, Cock of the Rock, Henry, Post-Boy, Sir Wcdter, Sir Charles, and macy others, having 
mingled their blood with the common stock of the country, but the pure thoroxighbred he will not be apt to see. 
" Passing through New York, we see a greater variety of horses. Within the state may be found individuals ex- 
hibiting the form and characteristics of every breed known in this countrj^ As a general rule, the driving-horses — 
many of them very fine — .are taller than those of New England and less compact. The farm and draught-horses are 
generally larger, but vary much in size, from the Canadian jjony to the English cart-horse. The thoroughbred may 
occasionally be met with, though not so common now as formeiiy ; but scattered throughout the state may be found 
the descendants of Messenger, Eclipse, Henry, Duroc, and other celebrated horses of that breed. In the central and 
northern parts of the state may be seen some of the descendants of the Justin Morgan, some of these horses having 
been taken there within the past few years. 
" As we pass through Pennsylvania and Ohio we observe a more striking change in the character of the horses. 
The fine driving-horse is more rarely seen. The farm and draught-horses are much larger, and sometimes are really 
immense. They are descended from the Flemish and Danish horses, are usually fat, slow, and a^vkward, are some- 
times pretty well formed, but are inclined to be leggj' and loosely built. 
"In the eastern part of Pennsylvania and northern part of Ohio many fair driving-horses may be seen, but in the 
western part of Pennsylvania and southern part of Ohio good buggy-horses are not common — light wagons are not 
much used. Many good saddle-horses may be found possessing more or less of the characteristics of the English 
thoroughbred, a good specimen of which may occasionally be seen. 
" As we go west and south we find the good buggy -horse becoming more and more rare, aud the number and 
quality of the saddle-horses constantly increasing ; until arrived in Kentucky and Tennessee the former is not often 
seen, while the latter are both numerous and excellent. 
" Many of the draught and carriage-horses used in Kentucky are brought from Ohio and Indiana, aud are taken 
from the stock of those states, the coarsest being used for draught and the finest for the carriage. 
" The horses in common use for farm and similar work are decidedl)^ inferior. This is, pei'haps, in a great degree, 
due to the fact that a large number of the best mares are constantly used for breeding mules, and that more atten- 
tion is paid to raising the latter animals, which hav« become one of the great staples of Kentuck}\ 
"Throughout the remaining Southern States the animals used upon the farm and road are principally mules ; 
light wagons are but little used ; the white population is more thinly scattered, and though most of the planters keep 
a family carriage, yet the ordinary business travel is principally upon horseback. Throughout the Southern States 
the English thoroughbred is found in high perfection, and many of the horses in common use partake largely of his 
blood. 
" The horses of Indiana, Illinois, and the other Western and Northwestern States, closely resemble the horses of 
Ohio, and in fact, many of them were raised in that state, and taken farther west by persons emigrating to new 
lands. 
"Although emigration has been going on for some time from New England to these states, yet, until within the 
last few years, the emigrants very rarely took any animals with them, the journey being too long to be undertaken 
with teams ; but the emigration to that country from Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Virginia, has very generally been 
made in wagons, the emigrants taking their horses with them. 
" Within the last few years a few Morgan horses have been taken into that section, where they command high prices ; 
and as they become more and more known, so the demand for them is steadily increasing, and in passing through, 
the large towns the traveler Avill occasionally see a good specimen of the race. 
" It is a fact worthy of note that the English thoroughbred is found most numerous, and in the greatest perfection, 
in those states where the saddle-horse is most in demand, aud where the light buggy has not yet come into very gen- 
eral use; while in those states where the horse is little used under the saddle, but almost entirely in harness, he is 
not often met with.'' 
YoL.L— n 
