56 
Tlppori on flie Tann Prh.c Cnvipetitinn 
preceding year, on condition that it does not exceed the aver- 
age of the three previous years; also half the bill for artificial 
manures used on the root crop of the current season, but not to 
exceed 4 cwt. per acre. Allowance is also made for plough- 
ing, herbage, and other tenant-right of a similar kind. The 
present occiipier was born and brought up on the form. It was 
occupied 2G years by his father, afterwards managed five years 
by Mr. Cave for the executors, and for the past four years has 
been occupied by him on his own account. The farm lies in two 
parts — the Home Farm, consisting of about 120 aci-es, and the 
fen land of 147 acres. On the former, the soil is of a sandy 
nature, with a gravelly subsoil, very well adapted for barley and 
root-growing. The fen land consists of a black, peaty soil, over 
a layer of poor clay, with a rocky bottom, and in some fields the 
soil resembles decayed wood. 
Fen soil differs very greatly in character, the difference 
arising partly from the presence or absence of clay in conjunction 
with peat. The soil on Mr. Cave's farm contains little or no 
clay, and the land is therefore liable to blow. An instance of this 
was seen by the reporting Judge in May on a piece of oats. 
Crops, if at all early in spring, suffer greatly from late frosts ; 
and damage caused in this way was noticeable on Mr. Cave's 
farm, and to a much greater extent on an adjoining farm, where 
a promising field of oats was cut down in patches all over the 
field by frosts in May. A sample of Mr. Cave's fen soil was sent 
to the Society's Consulting Chemist, who kindly analysed it, with 
the following results : — 
Soil dned at F. 
^ Organic matter and loss on heating .... 43"49 
Oxide of iron 4-7G 
Alumina ......... 5"17 
Carbonate of lime 3 09 
Sulphate of lime 4'58 
ilagnesia ......... 'GS 
Potash -36 
Soda -23 
Phosphoric acid ....... "50 
Insoluble silicates and sand ..... 37"19 
100-00 
' Containing nitrogen ...... I'GIJ 
Equal to ammonia ....... 2-02 
Total lime ii-62 
The soil was of a higher quality than might have been 
expected. Dr. Voelcker states that the soil contains a great 
deal of vegetable matter, and is at the same time uncommonly 
well supplied with mineral constituents ; the amount of phos- 
