AuHiiiil. licj^ioii J''jr 1S88 vf Ihc Con-'<all!ii<j Enlomol<j<jis[. 331 
attack, tlieveforc, as well as many others, cleaning and scraping 
the bark, or even well syringing it into the crannies with soft 
soap and a little paraflin, likewise stirring the soil or poisoning 
it for insect life by thorough sheep treading, are useful. The 
fallen apples should be collected and carried away, if possible, 
every morning, so as to remove them before the caterpillars 
have escaped. 
Apple infested by caterpillar of Ant/ionoimts pomoruni. 
Codlin moth. 1, apple-blossom weet il ; l', pupa ; 3, ca- 
terpillar, all life-size and magnified ; 
4, injured apple hud. 
These remedies, and that of good shaking in early spring, 
apply also to the apple blossom weevils (^Anthonovms imnoruvi) 
(Fig. 5), wdiich pass the winter in chinks and crannies of the bark 
or clods near the trees. The females rarely fly, so that tarred 
bandages prevent many of them from going up the trees ; and it 
may be remarked wdth regard to date of this and some (or pro- 
bably most) of the other spring orchard attacks, that the same 
weather which influences appearance of the early leafage, in- 
fluences appearance of the insects that feed on it, and^ the first 
may therefore be taken as a sign of the time for preventive 
measures against the second, rather than any given date. 
So far as tbe above remedies can be brought to bear, they 
will lessen amount of the above-mentioned orchard attacks, 
and others which were local or less important ; and a word should 
"also be added on the benefit of preserving such birds as are 
certainly known to be mainly insectivoi'ous, especially those 
whose habits lead them to search during winter in crannies of 
bark for eggs or small caterpillars. But, at the same time, a 
watch should be kept against their increase to overwhelming 
numbers no as to do more harm than good. 
