500 
Heport on ilie Implements 
laid out of action by shutting off its connection with the air- 
vessel, and the force of the jets can be regulated by the degree 
of pi'essure put on the relief valve. 
This machine is intended to throw a strong solution of some 
kind of wash or insecticide (quassia chips boiled, and soft soap, 
are found satisfactory) with a pressure sufficient to hit hard at 
about IG feet in an upward stream, so as to destroy blight on 
the under-side of the leaves. It is used for early washing with 
two pipes each side, and as the bine increases three and then four 
pipes are used each side. Large tubs of the wash are placed at 
suitable positions in the hop grounds, as reservoirs for replenish- 
ing when necessary. 
The machine was tried with water, which it delivered about 
18 feet high, in strong jets, completely covering the horse and 
everything near, and from the maimer in which it washed the 
boughs of the oak trees it was evident that for its special pur- 
pose it was an effective machine ; but it would appear that when 
worked as shown to the Judges, it would require very frequent 
replenishing. 
The Aylesbury Dairy Company^ Limited, exhibited anew 
Swedish Cream Separator and Butter Extractor (Art. 1483), 
which constitutes a completely new departure in butter-making, 
and may, if it should prove successful in prolonged practice, 
possibly abolish both the churn and the dairymaid. 
The operation of churning, as is well known, consists in 
agitating cream, which is itself only a mass of separate fat 
globules interfused with milk, until such globules cohere, and 
the freed fluid originally entangled among them passes away as 
" butter milk." 
It recently occurred to Mr. C. A. Johansson, a Swedish 
inventor, that the agitation necessary to bring about this result 
might be given in the centrifuge itself, and while the separation 
of milk and cream was going on. With this end in view, he 
furnished the milk drum with a cover, from the centre of which 
there hangs a vertical axle, which becomes concentric with, 
or slightly eccentric to, the centrifuge, by turning a graduated 
handle this way or that. 
A circular cage, composed of half a dozen thin vertical 
wires, is supported from, and free to turn around the axle in 
question : while the milk drum is provided with a second and 
smaller annular chamber, which, as the spinning proceeds, 
becomes entirely filled with the cream-ring, whose internal 
diameter, determined by the position of escape ducts in the floor 
of this chamber, is very slightly greater than that of the " agi- 
tating cage." 
