88 
Light-Land Fanning. 
In concluding- tills report, I may give a brief rcsnmcoi tl;e more 
important points advanced in this and in preceding papers. I 
have shown the hereditary transmission of external form, of par- 
ticular physical peculiarities, of disposition, of temperament, and 
of general constitution — have cited the more important pheno- 
mena presented by hereditary diseases, and endeavoured to prove 
their dependence upon hereditary peculiarities of conformation, 
structure, and texture. 
In treating of the hereditary diseases of horses, I have con- 
sidered those of a local, as well as those of a general character. 
I have especially noticed — various affections of the limbs which 
satisfactorily illustrate the production of disease from hereditary 
peculiarity of form — chronic diseases, especially of the respiratory 
apparatus, deep-seated or periodic ophthalmia, in all of which the 
hereditary tendency is also distinctly ascribable to abnormal con- 
ditions of the parts affected — diarrhoea and other derangements of 
the digestive organs, and weed and grease, all of them occurring 
most frequently and severely in horses of certain hereditary con- 
formation, and in which there is a want of proportion between 
the different parts of the system — and various diseases, accom- 
panied by specific inflammation, and in which the hereditary 
predisposition to the disease is a general debilitated and vitiated 
state of body. 
In treating of the hereditary diseases of cattle I have noticed 
various affections of the digestive organs — various rheumatic 
complaints — the several diseases occurring in animals of a scro- 
fulous diathesis — the different sorts of malignant tumours — and 
have also briefly pointed out those " good points " and special 
qualities which form the distinctive characters of handsome, 
symmetrical, and profitable cattle, and which indicate general 
vigour, hardiness, and exemption from hereditary disease. 
IV. — On Light-Land Farming, By John Haxton. 
Prize Essay. 
The term light land is one very generally applied by practical 
farmers to a class of soils distinguished from all others by 
certain physical or natural peculiarities, such as porosity, fria- 
bility, looseness of texture, offering little resistance to the imple- 
ments employed in cultivating it, and freedom from surface or 
stagnant water. Tliese soils are therefore termed light in contra- 
distinction to tliose of a clayey nature, which are called heavy 
because of their closeness, cohesiveness, retentiveness, and the 
greater amount of mechanical force required to work them. So 
