100 
Li(jld-Land Fanning. 
Second Year. — Biirlej/. — As soon as the roots are all carted 
off or consumed by sheep, or partly both, the land should be 
ploughed with a light furrow, and afterwards the cultivator with 
the points drawn across to mix the teatJi with the soil. The 
seed is sown with a machine in rows at the distance of 6 to 8 
inches apart, and at the rate of 2 to 2h bushels per acre, or even 
less if the land is in good heart. On very dry, light soils, the 
press-roller may be used witli advantage to consolidate the land 
when ploughing, and to enable it to resist the drought in spring. 
In this case the land is* lightly harrowed before sowing the seed 
to prepare a smooth surface lor the drilling-machine. 
TJiird Year. — Carrots, Cabbages, Potatoes, and Vetches. — The 
preparation of the land after the removal of the barley-crop is much 
the same as for turnips. The seed is sown by the common corn- 
drill in rows 18 inches apart; it should, however, be mixed with 
moist sand, ashes, or sawdust for some time before sowing in order 
to start germination. The best way is to mix 5 lbs. of carrot-seed 
with 1^ bushel of sand by passing both througli a sieve, and 
then to spread the mixture on the barn floor ; then water it with 
a common watering-pan so as to have the whole equally moistened. 
It should be turned over every morning, and when the seed just 
begins to germinate, it is ready for being sown. When the 
plants are sutHciently far advanced they are thinned by the hand, 
and set out to G inclies in the rows. It is a good plan to leave 
the plants in tufls at first, and when these are further advanced 
to leave tlie strongest plant by itself. The land must be kept 
clean by hoeing with a heavy hacker or hoe between the rows, 
and when fully grown lifted with forks, topped, stored, and used 
for whatever purpose may be deemed most desirable. 
For cabbages the land is laid out 3 feet apart, and the 
cabbages planted on the top about 2i feet in a lineal direction, 
and the planting should begin in May. In Lincolnshire, how- 
ever, they plant in June. 
The winter vetches are sown in September, October, and 
November ; and in spring vetches are sown (a small piece of land 
at a time) every two weeks until the 1st of June. By this means 
a constant succession of food is obtained, which on poor flinty 
soils should be mostly consumed on the ground by sheep, and to 
manage this with least waste the vetches sliould be mown and 
thrown over the hurdles, and these should be lifted forward fre- 
quently, so as not to make the land too rich at one place. 
The potato-crop is cultivated in the usual mode in drills ; but 
where the soil and climate are very dry, it is a better plan to 
plough in the seed every second or third furrow, that is, upon 
the flat. The mode of doing so will afterwards be described 
when treating of the cultivation of potatoes on light whinstone 
soils. 
