116 
Ligld-Land Farming. 
the turnips arc consumed on the soil and the other half in the 
house ; but in addition to this, the cattle receive on an average 
about 8 lbs. of oilcake per day ; and although the profit of this 
system is not to be obtained from the cattle, it is found in the 
richness of the manure, without which good crops of wheat, 
barley, and clover could not be got in Norfolk. Tlie turnip crop 
is at first a losing crop ; but being the principal manure maker, 
this loss is paid back with interest by the succeeding crops, just 
in proportion to the care, attention, and liberal cultivation be- 
stowed on it. Other things being equal, a large crop of turnips 
is looked upon as the sure harbinger of a sequence of good corn 
and clover crops during the remainder of the rotation. 
The four-course rotation has, however, its evils, especially 
when applied to light soils, for both the turnip crops and clover 
crops are repeated too closely. Marling has assisted the turnips, 
but for the clover there is no help except in the substitution of 
another crop, or in lengthening out the rotation by a new sequence 
of crops. Tlie six-course might be advantageously tried, or 
clover, wheat, mang(jld, oats, turnips, barley. By the four-course 
a fourth of the land requires to be dunged annually, but on the 
six-course one-third must be manured ; the latter is, however, a 
more manure-making rotation, for we have one-third of the land 
in roots, one-sixth only in clover, and one-half in corn, and in addi- 
tion the turnips and clover crops would be greatly improved. The 
two rotations, say, in a 480-acre farm, may be contrasted thus : — 
Four- Course. Xoni. 
120 acres of turnips, 15 tons per acre, one-half drawn homo . 900 
120 ,, barley, 2-21 cu ts, of straw 135 
40 ,, clover mown, 30 cwt 90 
120 ,, wheat, 25 cwt 150 
Total 1275 
Allowing 50 tons of straw for litter and fodder to horses, this 
leaves 235 tons for fodder and litter to cattle, or 1 ton of straw 
to every 3 tons 17 cwts. of roots nearly. 
Six- Course. T^ng 
40 acres turnips, consumed in-doors, 18 tons per acre . . . 720 
40 ,, ditto consumed in ttie field 
SO ,, Ijarley, straw 25 cwts. per acre 100 
30 ,, clover, straw 40 cwts. „ GO 
10 ,, ditto, soiled, straw 100 cwts. per acre 80 
40 ditto, fed oti" 
SO wheat, straw 27^ cwts. ])er acre 110 
20 ,, vetches, sown at diH'ereiit times, and fed olf , 
20 ,, ])artridge i)eas, straw 30 cwts 30 
40 „ mangold, 20 tons per acre 800 
80 ,, oats or wheat, 27^ cwts. per acre 1 10 
ToUd 2010 
