120 
Light-Land Farming. 
Mangold Crop. — Tlie land is scarified after harvest, and then 
prepared the same as for turnips. If dunj^jed in winter, the 
inanffold-secd is dibbled in April, in 27-inch rows, and from 12 
to 13 inches apart in a lineal direction, at the rate of 7 lbs. to the 
acre. If the land is dunged at sowing-time the farmyard 
dung should be ploughed under every third furrow, and the seed 
should be dibbled above it. When artificial manures are super- 
added, they may, in the case of the land being dunged on the 
stubble, be dibbled under the seed by making a hole with a gar- 
dener's trowel, throwing in a pintful of guano, dissolved bones, 
and fine mould, mixed together, then a little earth, and placing 
2 or 3 seeds above it, and lightly covering it and pressing the 
surface down with the foot. This is a tedious process, but it 
produces the best crop. In those cases where the whole of the 
manure is applied at sowing-time, the farmyard dung should be 
very small, made so that it may not keep the soil too open and 
thus admit the drought. It is ploughed under the third furrow, 
and so also is the artificial manure, which is sown above the dung 
by the hand. The seed is then dibbled exactly above the manure 
about an inch from the surface, and the land should then be 
rolled to compress the surface and keep out the drought. The 
young plants when up are singled by the hand, and all blanks 
filled up by dibbling tlie young plants as soon as they are drawn. 
When the crop is matured the roots are pulled, denuded of their 
leaves, and stored partly in clamps or banks in the field to be 
consumed by sheep, or carted home, and housed or stored between 
parallel rows of hurdles thatched above and also at the sides and 
ends to keep out rain and frost. The leaves are given to store 
sheep, milch cows, or young cattle. The roots stored in the 
field are sliced down and given to sheep along with bean meal, 
which prevents scouring. 
Vetches and Rye. — This crop should be sown partly before 
winter and partly in spring, at five or six different sowings, so 
that there may be a succession of green food, which may either 
l)e ate off or consumed in the house. It should always be sown 
on the cleanest of the land, and, unless the land be quite free 
from couch, it should not be sown with vetches at all. To 
insure a good crop, a mixture of guano and superphosphate 
should be drilled in along with, but not in close contact with, 
the seed, as all leguminous seeds are easily injured by pungent 
manures. The best way probably, in sowing spring vetches, 
is to plough the land in winter with a close, neat furrow, then 
harrow down in spring, sow the special manures broadcast, grub 
in, and then drill the seed at eight inches. Winter vetches 
should receive a dose of well-made farm-yard dung to carry 
them pretty vigorous through the winter and to insure an early 
