Farming of Dorsetshire. 
401 
wliich means the place of milking is shifted, and the manure is 
evenly distributed over the meadow. The steam-engine on the 
farm is accounted the most efficient in the county : it has attached 
to it a saw-mill, a bone-mill, chaff cutters, corn and cake crushers, 
malt-mill, an apparatus to steam food with the waste steam, 
threshing-machine, &c. &c. The cart-horses have each a loose 
box : each sees his fellow, but cannot reach him. The space 
between' each box is occupied by the harness, the corn-bins, and 
all that the carter uses or requires. The horses improved very 
fast when first removed into these loose boxes from a long stable 
of the old fashion. A dormitory for 10 single men was occupied 
for the first time this fall, and the arrangements promise to 
conduce to the comfort of the men and the good of the farm. 
James John Farquharson, Esq., of Langton, who holds in hand 
no fewer than 4500 acres, managed by intelligent Scotch bailiffs, 
has the advantage of having, under nearly all that extent of land, 
a chalk subsoil, which performs without expense one of the most 
necessary, but, in many parts of the county, perplexing offices of 
good husbandry — drainage. This land is chiefly arable, and the 
course followed is the five-field shifts, the clovers staying two 
years, and red clover occuriing in the course once in ten years. 
The turnips, as well as the mangold, are gi'own on the ridge, and 
the clod-crusher is used to bind the wheatbands instead of the 
fold, which was formerly used for that purpose. The horse-hoe 
is kept actively at work amongst the turnips, about half the bulk 
of which is drawn for stall-feeding. The roots to be fed off on 
the land are left in double drills. A cart of the width of two 
drills is used, so that the left turnips are not injured by the 
wheels, whilst they are distributed evenly over the field. The 
labourers are paid by " tut " work, the dung-put fillers being 
paid by the square yard, and the spreaders and ploughmen by 
the acre. A portion of the ley-ground is ploughed early in May 
and sown to rape, Avhich is fed off previous to its taking the 
wheat in the autumn. From 80 to 100 acres of Italian rye-grass 
are sown, and sometimes French grasses, as a substitute for 
broad clover. These are allowed to remain three years, and are 
fed off, generally by lambs. The stall beasts are kept in the 
vale during summer, and put up in sheds in October ; they are 
sujiplied with cut turnips, bruised barley, and linseed, the two 
latter being made into " pudding," of which the beasts have half 
a gallon a day. The breeding cribs are cemented to prevent the 
intrusion of rats, and between every two cribs is a small trough, 
which is kept always full of water from a tank regulated by a 
ball-cock. Here is another excellent steam-engine, which works 
a useful threshing-machine. The corn is threshed, Avinnowed, 
sacked, and weighed, and the straw is cut into chaff when wanted 
