484 Cultivation of Beans and Peas. 
cultivating beans by horse-power. When the croji is well 
drilled at intervals, between the rows, of from 18 to 36 inches, 
Garrett's horse-hoe may, in many instances, be used with much 
advantage before the weeds get such an ascendency as to fasten 
round the shares or hoes, so as to collect the soil, and push it 
aside upon the plants. I have had the ground well hoed by 
such an implement, in a few instances, at the rate of from 8 to 
10 acres per day with one good horse. When the land becomes 
hard and weedy, however, it is of no use to attempt hoeing with 
such an implement. The state of the land and weather must 
be well chosen, when the soil is comparatively loose, so that the 
hoes may work through it without becoming caked or much 
impeded by weeds. When such a horse-hoe as takes several 
rows at once, cannot be used in consequence of the hardness, 
&c., of the ground, those horse-hoes commonly used for 
turnips grown on ridges may be substituted, as one row is more 
easily cultivated at one draft than more. I have, in certain cases, 
used the common iron plough, divested of its turn-furrow, when 
no other implement was equal to break into and pulverize the 
hardened surface. The share of a plough is always sufficient to 
meet every difficulty which ought to he found between the rows 
of beans, if not neglected too long. I am sure there is a grand 
mistake most generally made by placing the rows of beans 
too near, whether the land be filthy or not. Yet it is well 
known that, unless hoeing follows up loide drilling, more weeds 
will grow than when the rows are near together. Tiie cost of 
cultivating beans and peas, on an average of years, by adopting 
the course which I have pursued, stands thus (without reckoning 
rent and manure, which might be supposed common to any 
crop) : — 
Cost per Acre. 
One ploughing in autumn . • . . . £0 10 0 
One drilling in spring . , . .026 
Three harrowings . . . . .020 
One rolling, if necessary , . . . 0 0 G 
One harrowing, after the plants are above ground . 0 0 6 
iSometimes two harrowings . . . .006 
One horse hoeing, say, on an average of seasons, by 
the common lioe or plough, three acres per day, 
per acre . . , . . .018 
Two hand-hoeings, just beside the rows . . 0 5 0 
One more horse-hoeing, if necessary . .018 
Total cost of cultivation . . .£144 
By such a course of cultivation the land has been kept quite 
clean, and in a most suitable state for a corn or green crop after- 
wards. Tlie ci-op has ahcays been better with much hoeing than 
little. I many years ago paid an enormous price for hoeing 
