486 
Cultivation of Beans and Peas. 
turnips. But to enumerate the kinds further. The common 
grey field pea, and the partridge, Marlborough or grey-maple 
pea, are other vaxieties which I have grown. I shall not attempt 
to describe the names or assigned qualities of other kinds of 
'beans or peas but those with Avliich I liave had familiar acquaint- 
ance. First, then, the common horse-bean is suited for heavy 
clay soils more than for light or loamy soils. This kind requires 
a firm soil, and runs up to a considerable height in the straw ; 
and in favourable seasons is perhaps more prolific than any other. 
The mazagan and Scotch beans are very much like the horse- 
bean in their nature, so far as I have experienced, The English 
and French " ticks" thrive better on light soils than tliose kinds 
mentioned. Tliey gi"ow less straw under similar conditions, but 
the corn per bushel weiglis some pounds more. On foul land 
it is better to sow tick beans than those Ivinds which run to 
straw. The two kinds of winter beans which I know anything 
of are the Frencli and Russian. Both sorts were generally 
introduced into this country but a few years ago. The French 
beans were introduced in 1825, and the Russians at a rather 
later period. I prefer tlie Russian beans to tlie French, as being 
rather larger, and f(n- producing a greater yield in general seasons. 
As I before remarked, however, I do not think there is any 
decided advantage in a general way by sowing winter instead of 
spring beans. 
I would now also add, that, after trying the system of grow- 
ing turnips and cabbages between the rows of l)eans, I have 
not found it profitable to continue it, and would rather dissuade 
than persuade any one to attempt to grow two crops on the 
ground at once, unless for a hobby, or in a garden where labour 
may be spared for a small plot, and where a good, a very rich 
soil may support two crops simultaneously, or, at least, in rapid 
succession; 
Regarding peas — the early Charlton, early Warwick, the 
marrowfat, and the Victoria, are all early, and well calculated 
for being pulled in a green state in June for market, or for being 
ripened, and removed from the ground in time to be succeeded, 
by turnips. It is impossible to advise any one in a general way, 
as to which kind of early peas is best, or whether it is profitable 
or not to pull them green, or allow them to ripen, and to be 
succeeded by turnips. The best course must always depend 
upon seasons, soil, and other circumstances. I have sometimes 
sold green peas for more than the ripened crop would have made, 
and had the straw left. After this a fair crop of turnips was 
grown. Notwithstanding this, I would recommend any one to 
be cautious in attempting tlie market-garden system on a farm. 
For heavy and loamy soils I have almost invariably found the 
