Shorthorns  in  Scotland  and  Ireland. 
99 
Chilton.”  Long  prior  to  the  formation  of  a regular  herd,  the  late  Colonel 
Leslie  had  introduced  and  used  Shorthorn  hulls  ; while  the  late  Mr.  Murdoch, 
of  Armacol,  Caledon,  and  the  late  Earl  of  Caledon,  Castle  Hill,  were  also 
early  breeders  of  Shorthorns,  their  stocks  having  made  a marked  impression 
upon  the  cattle  of  the  locality.  The  first  herd  at  Castle  Hill  was  established 
about  1845,  and  was  dispersed  in  1855,  after  the  death  of  the  late  Earl.  The 
present  thriving  and  useful  herd  was  formed  three  years  later  by  purchase  from 
Sir  Percy  Nugent’s  herd  at  Dronore,  Mullingar.  At  a subsequent  date  the 
“Jenny  Linds”  were  introduced  from  Crocknacrieve,  and  they  have  done 
remarkably  well.  At  Drummilly,  Co.  Armagh,  Mr.  J.  A.  M.  Cope  has 
built  up  a large  herd  of  Bates’  cattle — the  only  herd  in  Ireland  of  this  line 
of  blood.  The  stud  bull  is  the  Earl  of  Dunmore’s  “ Third  Scots  Fusilier  ” 
(43,994),  and  the  tribes  are  the  “ Elviras  ” (a  valuable  branch  of  the  “ Princess  ” 
family),  “ Place,”  “ Revelry,”  “ Statira,”  “ Honey,”  “ Craggs,”  “ Barmpton 
Rose,”  “ Melody,”  “ Wild  Eyes,”  “ Nell  Gwynne,”  “ Lady  Mildred,”  “ Medea,” 
“ Sweetheart,”  “Louisa,”  and  “ Maid  of  the  Yale.” 
In  County  Down  the  late  Mr.  J.  W.  Maxwell,  of  Finnebrogue,  Downpatrick, 
introduced  Shorthorns  in  1831 ; while  in  1845  the  late  Lord  Dufferin’s 
famous  herd  was  founded.  This  latter  herd,  which  was  dispersed  in  March 
1859,  was  made  up  of  valuable  material,  and  did  great  service  in  that  part  of 
the  country.  Lord  Dufierin  used  some  excellent  hulls,  such  as  “ Vulcan  ” 
(40,898),  “ Welcome  Guest  ” (15,497),  and  “ Prince  of  Warlaby  ” (15,107). 
The  Unicarville  herd,  the  property  of  Mr.  George  Allen,  and  one  of  the  most 
highly-bred  and  most  useful  herds  in  Ireland,  was  founded  in  1847.  Mr. 
Alien  has  selected  his  stock  carefully  and  at  considerable  cost  from  the 
leading  Booth  herds  in  the  country.  At  present  his  herd  is  composed  of 
animals  of  the  “ Mantalini,”  “ Madeline,”  “ Fame  ” or  “ Farewell,”  “ Heath 
Rose,”  “ Lady  Sarah,”  “ Fanny  ” (descended  from  “ Prince  Ernest  ”),  “ J enny 
Lind,”  “ Irish  Girl,”  and  other  tribes.  The  sires  used  have  been  well-bred 
Booth  bulls,  the  present  stud  bull  being  “ Albion”  (36,112), one  of  the  purest 
“ Mantalinis”  in  existence,  purchased  at  The  Island  sale  in  1881  for  230  guineas. 
From  fourteen  to  sixteen  bulls  are  bred  annually,  and  sold  either  privately 
or  by  public  auction  at  Belfast,  at  prices  averaging  about  30  guineas  a-head. 
Many  of  the  bulls  are  bought  for  service  in  pure-hred  herds,  others  being  used 
for  crossing  purposes. 
The  improvement  of  cattle  in  County  Antrim  was  begun  more  than  a 
century  ago.  In  1775,  Mr.  Leslie  of  Leslie  Hill,  grandfather  of  the  present 
owner,  introduced  one  of  Bakewell’s  Longhorn  bulls,  which  would  seem  to 
have  been  used  with  good  effect.  Sir  R.  Bateson,  of  Belvoir  Park,  Belfast,  pur- 
chased some  Shorthorns  in  1820,  and  these  are  said  to  have  bred  well.  Among 
the  other  more  enterprising  early  breeders  in  this  part  of  the  north  were  the 
late  Mr.  S.  Orr,  of  Flowerfield,  Coleraine ; Mr.  C.  J.  Knox,  of  Cranagh ; and 
Mr.  II.  Anderson,  of  Bushmills.  About  1840,  Mr.  Orr  bought  from  Mr. 
Whittaker  the  cow  “ Remnant,”  by  “ Remus  ” (550),  said  to  have  been  the 
best  of  the  sons  of  “ Comet”  (155).  Mr.  Knox’s  herd  was  made  up  mainly 
of  stock  from  Kingsfort  and  Westland ; while  Mr.  Anderson  had  cows  from 
Mr.  Topham,  of  Candlesby,  and  Mr.  Holmes,  of  Moycashel,  he  having  also 
purchased  the  cow  “ Rennet,”  bred  by  Mr.  R.  Booth,  of  Warlaby.  These  three 
herds,  sometime  ago  dispersed,  did  much  good  in  their  day.  They  were  well 
bred  and  judiciously  conducted.  Mr.  Orr  in  particular  was  careful  in  de- 
veloping milking  and  beef  properties  equally.  At  Balymoney,  Mr.  John 
McElderry  owns  a small  but  select  and  thriving  herd.  Mr.  Charley,  of 
Seymour  Hill,  introduced  in  1846  a few  well-bred  Shorthorns  from  Eng- 
land from  the  stock  of  Mr.  Unthank,  of  Netherscales,  and  these  turned  out 
satisfactorily.  Like  several  other  northern  breeders,  Mr.  Charley  obtained 
some  good  material  at  Lord  Dufferin’s  dispersion  in  1859,  and  his  herd 
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