276  The  Natural  History  of  the  Liver-Fluke 
made  as  good  as  new  ; if  this  could  not  be  carried  out,  he  would 
have  it  removed  root  and  branch,  and  an  entirely  new  arrange- 
ment made. 
“ He  spent  money  most  liberally,  doing  all  sorts  of  work  for 
the  benefit  of  his  tenants  without  any  charge  to  them  ; and  he 
made  so  many  improvements  and  embellishments  in  the  village 
of  Old  Warden,  that,  picturesque  as  it  always  has  been,  he  left  it 
one  of  the  most  beautiful  in  the  county,  with  its  ivy-covered  and 
half-timbered  cottages,  sloping  grassy  banks  kept  at  all  times 
neatly  trimmed  and  cared  for ; its  fine  holly  hedges,  pretty 
church,  and  most  perfectly  kept  churchyard,  all  this  paid  for  by 
himself.  To  these  works  he  devoted  all  his  spare  time,  and  it 
will  be  easily  understood  what  a great  loss  his  death  has  been  to 
the  whole  neighbourhood.” 
Mr.  Shuttleworth  was  twice  married — first  to  a sister  of  his 
friend  and  partner  Mr.  Clayton,  and  secondly  to  a daughter  of 
Lieut.-Col.  Ellison,  of  Boultham  Hall,  who  survives  him.  By 
his  first  wife  he  leaves  two  sons,  Alfred  and  Frank  ; the  former, 
having  been  brought  up  to  the  business  from  youth,  became  a 
partner  in  the  firm  of  Clayton  and  Shuttleworth,  and  the  latter 
is  a major  in  the  army.  The  immediate  cause  of  death  was 
congestion  of  the  lungs,  which  developed  inflammation  of  the 
heart  and  other  complications,  and  on  the  25th  of  January,  in 
his  sixty-third  year,  he  passed  peacefully  and  quietly  away. 
XIV. — The  Natural  History  of  the  Liver-Fluke  and  the  Prevention 
of  Rot.  By  A.  P.  Thomas,  M.A.,  F.L.S.,  Balliol  College, 
Oxford  ; Professor  of  Natural  Science  in  the  University 
College,  Auckland,  New  Zealand. 
LlVER-ROT,  although  so  destructive  a disease,  is  a preventible 
one. 
The  object  of  the  present  paper  is  to  give  a popular  account 
of  the  results  of  a research  into  the  natural  history  of  the  parasite 
which  causes  the  liver-rot  of  the  sheep  and  a number  of  other 
animals.  This  research,  which  has  now  been  completed,  was 
undertaken  by  me  on  behalf  of  the  Royal  Agricultural  Society 
ol  England  in  June  1880;  and  the  progress  of  the  investiga- 
tion has  been  already  reported  in  two  papers  * contributed  to 
the  ‘ Journal  ’ of  the  Society.  A short  account  of  the  com- 
pleted research  appeared  in  ‘Nature’  for  October  19th,  1882, 
* “ Report  of  Experiments  on  the  Development  of  the  Liver-Fluke,”  vol.  xvii., 
1881,  April,  p.  1 ; Second  Report,  vol.  xviii.,  1882,  Oct.,  p.  439. 
