Agricultural  Education — Examination  Papers,  1883.  xcvii. 
10.  Mention  the  chief  Tertiary  formations  of  England.  Where  do 
they  occur  ? Give  some  account  of  their  nature  and  fossils. 
11.  Name  the  strata  in  which  each  of  the  great  classes  of  Ver- 
tebrates first  appear,  and  mention  the  earliest  representative  genus  or 
genera  in  each  case. 
12.  Describe  the  rocks  and  fossils  placed  before  you. 
EXAMINATION  IN  BOTANY. 
[It  is  expected  that  Eight  Questions  at  least  will  be  answered.] 
Maximum  Number  of  Marks,  100.  Pass  Number,  50. 
Saturday,  May  .12th,  from  10  a.m.  till  lp.m. 
1.  Describe  the  structure  of  the  tips  of  roots. 
2.  Describe  a vertical  section  through  the  blade  of  a leaf,  and 
explain  the  structure  and  functions  of  the  stomata. 
3.  Describe  a bud,  and  explain  what  changes  it  undergoes  in  the 
course  of  a year’s  growth. 
4.  WTiat  tissues  contain  nitrogen  compounds,  and  from  what  sources 
do  plants  obtain  their  nitrogen  ? 
5.  What  are  the  principal  constituents  of  the  ash  of  a plant,  and 
how  does  the  plant  obtain  them  ? 
6.  What  is  a hybrid  ? State  how  you  would  experiment  to  pro- 
duce hybrids,  and  within  what  limits  you  might  expect  to  secure 
them. 
7.  Explain  the  life  of  a biennial  plant  during  its  first  and  second 
years;  mention  some  biennial  plants  in  cultivation,  and  give  the 
reason  why  they  are  cultivated. 
8.  Describe  three  parasitic  plants  injurious  to  crops,  and  state  how 
you  would  deal  with  them. 
9.  What  are  Gymnosperms  ? Explain  why  they  are  so  called, 
specify  the  Natural  Orders  of  Gymnosperms,  and  give  an  example  of 
each  Order. 
10.  Give  the  common  and  scientific  names  of  eight  indigenous 
grasses,  and  state  the  value  of  each  for  pasture. 
11.  Give  the  principal  characters  of  the  following  Natural 
Orders  ; — Cruciferse,  Leguminosse,  Umbcllifcrse,  Polyrjonaceee,  and 
Graminese. 
12.  Specify  tlie  Natural  Orders  and  describe  the  plants  marked 
A,  B,  C,  taking  the  organs  if  present  in  the  following  order : — root, 
stem,  leaves,  bracts,  sepals,  petals,  stamens,  pistil,  fruit,  seeds. 
