112 Tlie Alteration in the Distribution of the Agricultural 
and Northumberland, where there was a decrease of 2*4 per 
cent. In five of the Welsh counties, viz. Brecon, Cardigan, 
Merioneth, Montgomery, and Radnor, the number of farm- 
bailiffs decreased, and in the remaining seven the number 
increased. As pointed out in the General Report of the Census, 
the increase in the number of farm-bailiffs tends to show that 
an increased acreage of land was being farmed bj the owners ; 
which was the case, as we all know. 
The number of shepherds decreased in most of the English 
counties, but increased in the 15 following : — Cumberland, 
Derby, Durham, Hants, Hereford, Kent, Lincoln, Northumber- 
land, Salop, Stafford, Suffolk, Sussex, Westmorland, York (E. R.), 
and York (W. R.). In 4 of these counties the increase in the 
number of shepherds was very large, namely, in Westmorland 
50'9 per cent., in the East Riding 42 per cent., in Cumberland 
25*1 per cent., and in Salop 23"5 per cent. ; and in 5 of them 
it was very small, namely, in Staffordshire •? per cent., in Sussex 
1*7 per cent., in Lincolnshire 2 9 per cent., in Derbyshire 
3*1 per cent., and in Kent 3"3 per cent. As regards Wales, 
the number of shepherds remained practically unchanged in the 
counties of Anglesey, Brecon and Pembroke ; it decreased in 
those of Carmarthen, Flint, and Glamorgan ; and it increased 
in the remaining six counties. 
The number of machine proprietors and attendants increased 
in every county in England, and in most of them by very large 
percentages, except in Cumberland, where their number went 
down from 11 in 1871, to 4 in 1881 ; and in Staffordshire, where 
their number fell from 71 at the former period, to 68 at the 
latter. The number of persons who were returned in the several 
Welsh counties under this head was very small, the highest 
number being 19, which was returned from each of the 
counties of Carnarvon and Montgomery in 1881, and 20, which 
was returned for the latter county in 1871. The total number 
of persons who were returned under this head for the whole 
Principality in 1881, was, however, rather more than double the 
number which was so returned in 1871 ; the actual figures being 
for 1881, 89, and for 1871, 42. The very large and general 
increase in this class throughout the whole country accounts, no 
doubt, to a certain extent, for the decrease in the number of 
ordinary farm-labourers, and shows to how great an extent 
farmers availed themselves of machinery. 
The numbers in the remaining division of the tables, viz, 
" Miscellaneous," do not appear to call for any special comment, 
and from the explanation which I have already given in regard 
to that division, it will be clear that no fair comparison can be 
drawn between its numbers for 1871 and 1881. 
