132 
Report on Agricultural Education, 
payable are about 5/. per student per half year, with certain 
extras for courses of practical chemistry, &c. At present this 
Institution demands a large amount of State aid, not far short of 
lOOZ. per pupil of every description having been granted by 
the Government towards its expenditure in 1881. 
Halle. — The Agricultural Institute in connection with the 
University at Halle is so highly esteemed in Germany, that 
some reference to it is necessary here. The means of instruction 
at Halle are similar to those at Berlin, but with these addi- 
tions : — (1) that the Agricultural Institute being an integral 
part of the University, and situated in the midst of it, all the 
general collections are quite as accessible to the agricultural 
students as the special collections belonging to the Institute 
itself; (2) that the garden of the Agricultural Institute at Halle 
enables a more practical instruction to be given than is possible 
at Berlin on account of its extent and of the purposes to which 
it is devoted ; (3) that the thoroughly scientific and practical 
manner in which the experimental field of nearly 100 acres 
has been laid out and is managed, gives a special opportunity 
for completing the technical education of the students ; and f4) 
that the opportunities afforded for learning veterinary practice 
in the Institute itself, places within the reach of the students 
facilities for acquiring that kind of knowledge which can never 
be obtained elsewhere. The botanical part of the garden is 
interesting, but the zoological part of it appears to be unique. 
The object is apparently to keep a sufficient number of farm 
animals of different varieties, together with certain other useful 
kinds and crosses, so as to enable the professors to illustrate their 
lectures by means of living specimens ; but whilst excellent 
typical specimens must form the best method of instruction, it 
is obvious that monstrosities can be of no use in the teaching 
of students. Yet such curiosities, as crosses with the yak, are 
kept in the zoological garden at Halle. 
The esteem in which the instruction at Halle is held, may 
be inferred from the fact that, though only founded in 1863, 
and started with three agricultural students, from 1870 to 1880 
during the winter half year, the numbers averaged fully two 
hundred. The course of instruction extends over two years ; 
but for those students preparing themselves for teachers of 
agriculture the course is of fully three years' duration. The 
fees are exceedingly moderate, e.g. matriculation, 17s. 3f/. ; 
reading-room, Gs. ; both for the whole period of study ; whilst 
the total amount of other fees is 6/. to 11. \0s. per session (half- 
year), exclusive of 10s. for the " leaving certificate." Students 
provide themselves with board and lodging; but a tariff is 
published by the authorities, from which it appears that the 
