Report on Agricultural Education. 141 
bearing upon agriculture and in agriculture itself. There are 
two winter courses, arranged in such a manner, that in the first 
the general education is continued, and in the second the 
instruction given is principally technical. Instruction in these 
schools begins on the 3rd or 4th of November, and concludes 
with a public examination in March. For the remainder of the 
year the pupils are employed upon the farms of their parents or 
otherwise, whilst the director of the school becomes a travelling 
kcturer and adviser in the district of his school. 
A glance at the plan of studies shows that elementary agri- 
cultural chemistry, mineralogy, zoology, physics, cattle-breeding, 
dairying, and book-keeping are all included in the course ; 
whilst the German language, arithmetic, land surveying, level- 
ling, and drawing are all taught, to complete the pupil's general 
education. 
The outlay at such schools as these is considerable. The 
expense of furnishing the school with the necessary books, 
diagrams, and apparatus does not seem large, amounting only, 
in one instance given, to 44?. ; but the annual cost of the esta- 
blishment, where there were only fifteen to twenty pupils, was 
estimated at 262?. The receipts, at 305. a-head, the fees paid by 
the pupils, would only amount to about one-tenth the annual 
expenditure of the school. In this case, as in others, the defi- 
ciency is supplied from the funds of the provincial admini- 
stration, from the Ministry of Agriculture, and from the local 
Agricultural Society, 
The travelling lecturers, who make their rounds in the sum- 
mer months, are paid generally by the provincial Agricultural 
Societies, and are under the control of these associations. As an 
average, their salaries may be stated at about 80/. or lOOZ. per 
annum. It seems to be their function to attempt to draw the 
attention of agriculturists to the newest discoveries of science 
and the most successful applications of them to practice. 
The foregoing remarks may be considered applicable not only 
to Prussia, but to the greater part of the remainder of the Ger- 
man empire ; but Wiirtemberg has long been among the foremost 
of Continental states in all educational matters. The very com- 
plete school at Hohenheim has already been referred to at some 
length, and lower agricultural education has been by no means 
neglected. Here then, as elsewhere, farming schools have been 
established in all the four administrative districts into which the 
kingdom is divided. They differ somewhat in their organization, 
however, from some of the farming schools in the other parts 
of Germany, inasmuch as they are directly subsidised by the 
State and not by or through the provincial administration or 
local Agricultural Society, and that the pupils have nothing to 
pay for their board, lodging, or instruction for three years. 
