Report on Agricultural Education. 
147 
1838, when its management was undertaken by the State. 
Without going into a full history of certain changes which 
occurred, it will be sufficient to observe, that at the present 
time a farm of upwards of 700 acres — about half in wood and 
half under cultivation — is part of the school establishment. 
The chief object of the farming is to provide for the wants of 
the College, both material and educational. About 18 milch 
cows are kept, which have been selected from a large number 
of breeds, for purposes of study and comparison of their quali- 
ties. The sheep number about 500, of which 150 are breeding- 
ewes ; amongst which Merinos, Southdowns, Leicesters, and 
certain crosses, find a place. A sufficient number of pigs is 
kept to enable the authorities to kill one every week for the 
requirements of the establishment ; these are mostly either 
Yorkshire or Berkshire, or crosses of one or other of these with 
the native race. The Botanic and Economic Gardens are well 
arranged and stocked, and the students are exercised in all 
farming operations, so as to enable them to understand the 
management of the implements, &c. 
Here again there is an entrance examination for all candidates 
who have not taken the degree of Bachelor of Science. The 
subjects of study do not differ materially from those at Ciren- 
cester, and it moreover resembles that institution, in that most 
of the students are young men of good family and education. 
Some few have come by virtue of having gained bursaries at 
the final examinations of the lower schools of agriculture. The 
average number of students is a hundred, making an entry of 
about forty each year, the whole course extending over two and 
a half years. 
Every student must be at least 17 years of age. Nearly 
all are " internals," and the fees paid amount to about 48Z. per 
annum for instruction, board, lodging, lighting, fire and washing. 
Grignon, like the other schools of a similar kind in France, is 
maintained entirely at the cost of the State. The total expenditure 
is about 15,600/., and the receipts only 7000Z. per annum, so 
that each resident student costs the State practically about 
80/. per annum. 
At the expiration of their studies a diploma is delivered by 
the Minister of Agriculture to those students who have satis- 
factorily passed their final examination. This diploma is held 
in very high esteem among French agriculturists, and constitutes 
a powerful recommendation in the eyes of proprietors who wish 
to choose a tenant or a farm manager. 
Grand Jouan and Montpellier Schools. — At the two somewhat 
similar establishments at Grand Jouan and Montpellier the 
regulations are almost identical with those at Grignon, though 
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