218 
Canadian Agriculture. 
The square mileage stated is the land area ; adding to this 
the area of the great lakes and rivers, bays and inlets, 140,000 
square miles, there results a total area of over 3,610,000 square 
miles, which may be compared with the area of Europe, 
3,900,000 square miles, and with that of the United States, 
2,933,588 square miles, or, including Alaska, 3,510,978 square 
miles. 
Out of the entire population, 403,491 persons, that is, about 
one-tenth of the total, were owners occupying their own lands. 
Holders of ten acres or less numbered 75,286. Those who held 
lands of eleven to 100 acres were 249,997 ; of from 101 to 
200 acres the number of holders was 102,243 ; and of more 
than 200 acres, 36,499. 
The area of land occupied in the Dominion in 1881 was 
45,358,141 acres, of which 21,899,181 acres were improved, 
15,112,284 acres being under crop, 6,385,562 acres in pasture, 
and 401,335 acres in gardens and orchards. 
The latest available figures which show the extent of trade in 
the Dominion are those of the Trade and Navigation Returns 
for the fiscal year ending June 30th, 1883. The total imports 
were valued at 26,450,805Z., and the total exports at 19,617,160/. 
The aggregate trade, including imports and exports, was appor- 
tioned thus : with Great Britain 19,839,536/., and with the 
United States 19,540,211/., so that, notwithstanding the close 
proximity of Canada to the United States, the larger portion of 
her trade is still with the mother country. Upon the total 
value of imports the Customs revenue amounted to 4,634,462/., 
being an average duty of 17 52 per cent., and an average of 22*. 
per head of the population. The exports of the produce of 
Canada, shipped at Canadian ports, were : — ■> 
£ 
Produce of the mine 594,177 
fisheries 1,761,824 
forest 5,074,145 
Animals and their produce .. .. 4,056,869 
Agricultural products 4,563,704 
Manufactures 700,644 
The chief items under " animals and their produce " were : — 
£ 
Horses 326,658 
Horned cattle 779,605 
Sheep 277,611 
Swine and their produce 117,794 
Butter 341,163 
Cheese 1,290,374 
Furs 217,505 
Hides 92,197 
Bacon 87,395 
Wool .. 56,106 
Eggs 451,317 
