258 
Canadian Agriculture. 
The quality of the root crop of 1884 was excellent, but 
turnips suffered early in the season from the attacks of grubs 
and flies. It is much to be hoped that the enterprising Board 
of Agriculture of Manitoba will ere long estimate the vield of 
roots in tons instead of bushels per acre. As it is, I can only 
give the average yields in bushels per acre, viz., of potatoes, 
201 ; turnips, 392 : mangolds, 356 ; carrots, 223 ; beets, 275. 
Turnips are usually estimated at 60 lbs. to the bushel. The 
respective acreages were : of potatoes, 8847 ; turnips, 1585 ; 
mangolds, 275 : carrots, 200 ; beets, 120 — in all cases a falling 
off as compared with 1883. 
Of prairie hay in Manitoba there was cut, in 1884, a total 
weight of 226,854 tons, the average yield being 1*72 tons per 
acre. Of cultivated grasses and clovers the total tonnage was 
7087, and the average yield 1*25 tons per acre. 
The following averages relate to peas and flax in 1884 : — 
1 
H..rvest B gan. 
y.:\i-:\. 
Yield in 
Buishels per 
Acre. 
Peas 
August 25 

September 14 

22 
Flax 
September 7 
September 22 
IG 
Native hops grow wild in every county of the Province, and 
are the only variety used by settlers. I saw some excellent 
samples at the Manitoba Exhibition, held at Winnipeg, in 
September, 1884. The general opinion is that the cultivation 
of hops might be made successful so far as yield and quality are 
concerned, but the questions of a market and the cost of labour 
have yet to be considered. The native variety is of such 
excellent quality that it is thought its improvement by cultiva- 
tion would probably be attended with more success thaji the 
introduction of ordinary cultivated varieties from Ontario or 
elsewhere. It is feared that the high winds which frequentlv 
prevail on the prairies might interfere with the cultivation, and 
the open prairie would certainly not be suitable for hop fields, 
properlv sheltered grounds being absolutely necessary. 
Though Manitoba abounds in wild fruits, the cultivation of 
fruit is nevertheless receiving increasing attention. The wild 
varieties comprise strawberries, black and red raspberries, 
black and red currants, high and low bush cranberries, 
saskatoon berries, gooseberries, red and black cherries, red 
plums, blueberries, whortleberries, juneberries, grapes, and 
hazel nuts. Of these, only the saskatoon berries will appear 
