:318 
Tke late Dr. Voclcker. 
•different foods, and so on ; and finally treated of adulteration, 
and of the means of detecting it. 
His investigations into cheese-making were practical as well 
as scientific ; and most readers of agricultural newspapers will 
remember how he responded to the taunt of a farmer's wife that 
he could not make a cheese himself, by actually making a better 
cheese with the aid of a thermometer than she did by guessing 
the temperature with the aid of her fingers. One recorded 
result was the immediate use of the thermometer in all the best 
■dairies in the district. 
To come down to more recent dates, and to his work during 
the period of the much-increased interest in milk and dairy 
produce which has been developed during the last few years : — 
It may be mentioned that he has been connected with the 
'British Dairy Farmers' Association ' from the time of its insti- 
tution ; that he has contributed papers to its 'Journal;' and 
that he has conducted the milk and dairy trials at its annual 
Shows. The work and the publications of the Association, and 
Dr. Voelcker's contributions to them, are matters of such recent 
history, and are so well known to all interested in the subject, 
that it would be out of place to refer to them here in any more 
detail. 
These references to special subjects of investigation, bearing 
directly on important agricultural practices, must suffice as illus- 
trations of the thorough manner in which Dr. \ oelcker sought 
to elucidate the connection between practice and science, in his 
capacity of adviser to the Members of the Society. The subjects 
referred to by no means exhaust the list of those he inves- 
tigated and reported upon, as the pages of the ' Journal ' amply 
show. Thus, he discussed the properties of soils in other aspects 
than those which have been mentioned ; the composition and 
value of town-sewage, and also of earth-closet manure ; the 
chemistry of sugar-beet ; the chemistry of drinking-waters ; and 
other subjects. He also reported on the agriculture of several 
continental countries. 
From time to time Dr. Voelcker contributed papers to the 
Chemical Society, and in some cases he gave the same results 
in less technical form in the ' Journal of the Royal Agricultural 
Society.' Of those communicated to both Journals, the one 
involving by far the largest amount of laboratory investigation, 
and leading to the most important conclusions, both practical 
and scientific, related to the composition of the waters of land- 
drainage, and to the loss of plant-food thereby. In the course of 
this enquiry, he had made between sixty and seventy complete 
analyses of the drainage-waters collected at difi'erent times from 
more than a dozen of the differently manured plots in the 
