Canadian Agriculture.^ 
429 
good milkers, they are not much adapted for the fatting process ; 
but the Shorthorn grades raised from these attain large size and 
weight at an early age, and make admirable stock for the 
butcher. The introduction of improved breeds has led to 
the raising of considerable numbers of cattle for the English 
market, and some of the farms in the counties of Albert .and 
Westmoreland stall-feed as many as 200 or 300 head in a 
winter. There is a Provincial Herd Book, in which farmers 
are invited to record the pedigrees of all pure-bred animals they 
possess, and the majoritv find it decidedly advantageous to do 
so. The pure-bred stock in the Province are chiefly Short- 
horns, Ayrshires, Devons, and Jerseys, with a small number of 
Polled Angus and Norfolks, and a few Herefords. Last year 
the herd on the Government stock farm comprised 9 Shorthorns, 
6 Ayrshires, 5 Norfolk Polls, and 4 Aberdeen Polls, with some 
15 or 16 young animals, and by its means the Government 
can supply farmers with fine animals at a less cost than by 
continuous importing. The site of the farm has, however, not 
proved suitable. 
Some useful information as to the present position of agri- 
culture in New Brunswick was collected by the Select Committee 
on Agriculture of the Dominion House of Commons. Mr. E. B. 
Beer, President of the New Brunswick Farmers' Association, 
stated that there is a want of capital and experience, and that, 
as the surplus produce of New Brunswick has not been much 
in excess of the home demand, farmers have not seen the 
necessity of raising a better quality of produce. Mr. J. L. Inches 
considers that their agriculture does not suffer under any 
peculiar difficulties, except a rather low condition of farming, 
A lair proportion of farmers have adopted an advanced system, 
and use suitable implements, but the larger number do not. 
The heavy duty on shipments to the United States is felt, for 
this is almost the only external market there is for the agri- 
cultural produce of New Brunswick. Mr. S. L. Peters, of 
Otnabog, Queen's County, says their farmers require a more 
thorougli knowledge of the kinds of crops best suited to the 
various soils, and of the most economical method of making 
them more productive. The scarcity of cheap labour is largely 
felt. " In the production of butter the great want appears to be 
the reluctance on the part of our farmers and dairymen to supply 
themselves with the most approved implements with which they 
can convert their milk into butter. By far the larger portion 
of them seem willing to stick to the shallow-pan system of their 
fathers. This might answer a portion of the year, but is 
ruinous for the other part of the season. With the deep can, 
or creamier, as it is called, in use in our dairies the first step in 
