Canadian Agriculture. 
447 
into a dog-cart or light waggon, and start off at a good 
swinging pace round the farm. 
Agricultural Production in Canada. — The following Table is 
given on Mr. Barnard's authority : — 
Lowest estimated value of Farm Stock in Canada. 
Horses and CoUs 11,906,284 
Working Oxen 795,558 
Cows 7,979,000 
Other Cattle 5,359,788 
Sheep 3,048,678 
Pigs 2,173,714 
£31,263,622 
It is maintained that, by better selection, and by a more 
rational system of feeding in summer and in winter, the cash 
value of farm stock, and the returns therefrom, might be doubled 
in a few years. 
How much the agricultural production of the Dominion 
might be increased by proper care is amply illustrated by the 
case of eggs. A Table in the first part of this paper shows 
the annual export of eggs from Canada to be valued at nearly 
half a million pounds sterling, — 40 per cent, above the value of 
the export of horses, and 60 per cent, above that of sheep. 
Even the export of cattle, which has created so large a trade 
for the ocean steamships, does not produce more than 75 per cent, 
over that of eggs. This export of eggs, moreover, simply repre- 
sents the surplus after all home demands have been liberally 
supplied. 
On a rough estimate Canada can produce pure-bred cattle at 
about half the outlay to which the English farmers are put, and 
can finish off beef and mutton at about two-thirds the cost. This 
is due largely to cheaper crops, and to the admirable system of 
quarantine whereby freedom from fatality induced by disease 
is secured. It is beyond doubt that the Dominion can produce 
the best of cattle ; and as the Canadian farmers launch out more 
extensively in the stock-raising business, so will they feel com- 
pelled to resort to suitable and approved rotations of crops 
made subsidiary to stock-raising, stock-fattening, and milk- 
production. The Maritime Provinces, so admirably adapted 
to the requirements of live-stock, must speedily show signs of 
this, particularly as wooden ship-building is on the decline. 
Indeed, it is probably a safe statement to make, that wheat- 
growing in Canada is moving westward, and is destined to 
undergo a marked contraction in the Eastern Provinces, where, 
