Guenon's St/stem of Selecting Cows by the Escutcheon. 483 
Fig. 10. — Horizontal : — Tenth Class, First Order. 
Thirteen quarts, Eight months. 
The tenth class he named Carresine, or Horizontal, because 
the upper part of the escutcheon is cut squarely by a horizontal 
line. 
The Bastards. 
Each of these ten classes have the bastard escutcheon ; 
that is, there are some cows which, though well marked, 
begin to fail in their milk as soon as they are with calf 
again. Some will fail very rapidly, others more slowly. 
They generally are marked first-class, and are the hand- 
somest cows. They are to be looked for carefully, as they 
often mislead the best judges. They are distinguished in the 
first, or Flanders, class by an oval in the vertical escutcheon, 
or by the hair on the edges of the vertical, where it meets 
the down-running hair, having a coarse, bristly, wiry character, 
and rather of a lustrous appearance, standing out from the 
body. The oval on the vertical has hair also of a shiny, lustrous 
appearance. 
All the other classes have alongside the vulva two oval 
patches of coarse hair, one on each side. The larger the ovals, 
and the coarser the hair on them, the sooner they will fail. 
Generally speaking, if the animal is closely examined, the hair 
will be found harsh, dry, and long, particularly on the back of 
the uddet ; the skin is apt to be white and thick ; little or no 
<landruff, and of a dry, scaly nature. 
