Report on Agricultural Education. 
535 
ten bursaries of 20/. each, and five of lOZ. each, to be competed 
for bv pupils of schools to be approved of by the directors. 
The 201. bursaries are tenable for one year at the University of 
Edinburgh, and the 10/. ones are tenable for the same period at 
the schools at which the candidates are being educated. 
A sum of 50/. a year is also placed by the Society at the dis- 
posal of the directors for the purpose of furthering instruction in 
veterinary science, and field experiments in various parts of 
Scotland have been from time to time carried out by agricul- 
turists on their own farms at the instance of the Society. 
ROTHAMSTED. 
It would be impossible to condense into a small space any 
record of the agricultural experiments begun at Rothamsted by 
Mr. Lawes (now Sir John Bennet Lawes, Bart.) nearly fifty 
j ears ago. 
" If all the other experimental stations in the world were put 
together, and if all the results from them were collected on 
a book-shelf, in my opinion they would be many times eclipsed 
by Rothamsted and its records." 
Mr. Lawes first commenced experiments with different ma- 
nuring substances in pots, and afterwards in the field at Roth- 
amsted in 1834. The results obtained were such as to lead to 
more extensive trials, and in 1843 very systematic field experi- 
ments were commenced. The foundation of the Rothamsted 
experimental station may be said to date from that time. In 
1854-5 a new laboratory was built by a public subscription of 
agriculturists and presented to Mr. Lawes, since which time 
Dr. J. H. Gilbert, who has been associated with Mr. Lawes 
since the establishment of the experiments, has had its direction. 
The staff during the last twenty-five years has consisted of one 
or two, and sometimes three chemists ; two or three general 
assistants ; a botanical assistant, with from three to six boys 
under him ; two or three computers and record-keepers ; one, 
and sometimes two, laboratory men ; and much extra occasional 
assistance is obtained which cannot be enumerated. 
The general scope and plan of the field experiments has been 
to grow some of the most important crops of rotation, each sepa- 
rately, year after year for many years in succession on the same 
land, without manure, with farmyard-manure, and with a great 
variety of chemical manures, the same description of manure 
being, as a rule, applied year after year on the same plot. Expe- 
riments on an actual course of rotation with manure, and with 
different manures, have also been made. 
The full record of these most important experiments has 
