Composition and Nutritive Properties of Mangold-Pulp. 97 
In onliiiarv seasons the average produce of swedes on our 
poorer fields is about 15 tons per acre. On weighing the pro- 
<hice of an acre of cabbage, grown under simiLar circumstances, 
1 found that it amounted to 17^ tons per acre in round numbers. 
On good, well-manured fields, however, we have had a much 
larger produce. 
Royal Agricultural College, Cirencester, Jane, 1860. 
VI, — On the Composition and Nutritive Properties of Mangold- 
pulp {the Refuse of Beet-root Distilleries). By Dr. Augustus 
VOELCKER. 
In beet-root distilleries a refuse is obtained, known by the 
name of Mangold-])ulp. According to the method of Leplay, 
the fermentation is carried on in the sliced roots, and the spirit 
is separated by superheated steam passed through the mass in 
closed vessels. The residual matter left in the stills after the 
process of distillation is completed, is thrown aside in heaps, and 
the excess of water allowed to drain off, after which it constitutes 
the mangold-pulp. 
The material from which the subjoined analyses were made 
was obtained from a mangold-root distillery which was established 
a few years ago at Minety, in Wiltshire, a village about eight 
miles from Cirencester. This distillery was erected by a com- 
pany, formed under the Limited Liability Act, which is no 
longer in being. After a brief period of existence the company 
were obliged to wind up their affairs, the undertaking having 
proved a complete failure. 
The method adopted by the company was that of Leplay, 
which method, I believe, has been entirely superseded in France 
by that of Champonnois. I examined at different times two 
samples of mangold-pulp, differing, as will be seen by the ana- 
lytical results, chiefly in the amount of water which they con- 
tained respectively. The first sample, on analysis, gave the fol- 
lowing results : — 
General Composition of Mangold-pulp. 
In Natural State. Dry. 
Water 90-78 
Soluble organic matter 2-86 30-65 
Soluble mineral matter -56 6-17 
Insoluble organic matter 5-26 57*47 
Insoluble mineral matter -54 5-71 
100-00 100-00 
VOL. XXI. H 
