310 
Agriculture of Denmark. 
general ; before such time it cannot be expected that the yeomen 
farmers will pay sufficient attention to the delivery of good, 
weighty, and clean corn. 
But the improvement in quality of the grain is also, in a great 
measure, due to the Danish corn-merchant, who of late years has 
paid great attention to its treatment after delivery to him. Many 
of the dealers have imported and use grain-drying apparatus to 
prevent mildew, and bestow great care on the sorting, winnow- 
ing, and casting of corn. This is the more necessary from the 
fact that in purchasing from the yeomen in small parcels, often 
of different quality, they are only able to obtain a merchantable 
article by great care in the sorting, &c., before shipment. 
Wheat. — The sort most cultivated in this country is the hardy 
red wheat, not much subject to blight ; until within the last twenty 
or thirty years this was the only kind grown, and its indifferent 
quality was the reason assigned for wheat not being more gene- 
rally sown ; foreign varieties were then introduced ; for instance, 
Wheathington wheat* from England, which, however, did not 
prove sufficiently hardy for the climate, and, again, from Poland ; 
but this did not succeed either, because it suffered too much 
from blight. About fifteen years ago another kind of English 
wheat (here called Manchester wheat) was introduced, which 
proved suitable, and is now largely cultivated all over the 
country. 
As land has been improved by cutting ditches, by artificial 
drainage, and by a better supply of manure, the cultivation of 
wheat lias become more general, so much so that before long it 
will probably replace rye on the more fertile soil, although on 
the more sterile land of Jutland rye will continue to be the staple 
grain for food. In Holstein and in the marshes of Sleswig the 
cultivation of wheat has long exceeded that of rye. Twenty 
years ago four-fifths of the wheat exported from the Danish 
monarchy came from these duchies, while at present they do not 
supply half of the total export. The production of wheat in the 
whole monarchy is now calculated at nearly a million of quarters, 
and of this quantity the duchies supply about 450,000 quarters. 
The wheat from Denmark Proper is seldom as weighty as that 
from Holstein or the Baltic provinces, but it is not far inferior in 
quality. As an average weight of the wheat produced in the 
kingdom, 128 to 131 pounds Dutch per barrel (equal to to 
63 pounds English per bushel) may be given. The Holstein 
wheat is generally a couple of pounds heavier. 
The export of wheat during the last twenty or thirty years has 
increased largely ; from 1830 to 1839 the annual export did not 
* A white ■wheat, probably named after the importer. 
