Agriculture of Denmark. 
311 
exceed 95,000 quaitors, while from 1854 to 1859 it averaged 
about 390,000 quarters. 
Rijc. — This species of grain may truly be called the bread- 
corn of Denmark. In Jutland, more especially on the heaths 
and on the west coast, scarcely any other is known. On the 
Danish islands there is not half as much rye produced, com- 
paratively speaking, as in Jutland, whilst in the duchies its 
cultivation is only general on the heaths : it is never sown on the 
marshes, and consequently the kingdom supplies the duchies 
with a considerable quantity of this grain. Formerly the old 
Danish dark-brown rye predominated all over the country, but 
early in this century a different species was introduced from that 
part of Holstein called the " Provsti " (north-east district) ; it is 
lighter in colour, heavier, thin-husked, and more productive ; 
wherever the soil is good it has superseded the old Danish rye, 
which is now, on account of its hardiness, chiefly cultivated in 
the less fertile districts of Jutland. A third kind of rye im- 
ported from Belgium (campine-rye) seems likely to supplant that 
last named ; it is not as light in colour or as weighty, but it gives 
a much larger crop, and is for that reason much esteemed. 
Good Danish rye is in weight equal, and sometimes superior to 
that from the Baltic provinces : on an average the best will 
weigh from 120 to 122 pounds Dutch per barrel (or bl^ to 58^ 
pounds English per bushel) ; in Jutland it generally weighs less, 
in Holstein more. Above 2,400,000 quarters are annually 
produced in the Danish monarchy, but, as it forms the chief 
bread-corn of the country, the export is but small. During the 
years 1854 to 1859 it averaged only about 240,000 quarters; at 
an earlier date, however, no rye was exported, but imports of 
that grain took place. 
Barley may be mentioned as the most important article of 
export from Denmark, and, next to oats, the largest grain crop 
of the country. On the Danish islands more barley is cultivated, 
comparatively speaking, than in Jutland ; in the duchies it is 
raised to any extent only in the marshes. Of the 2,400,000 
quarters of barley, the annual average produce of the monarchy, 
not one quarter comes from the duchies of Sleswig and Holstein, 
which formerly, in less fruitful years, were even supplied frop- 
the kingdom. 
In all the fertile districts of the country the two-rowed barley 
{Hordeum distichon), which has a fuller kernel, has, to a great 
extent, supplanted the six-rowed barley {Hordeum hexastichon). 
On the west coast of Jutland, however, the six-rowed barley is 
most common, because it is the hardiest, requires less rich soil, 
and is better adapted for an inclement and stormy climate, as it 
ripens earlier and is not so easily destroyed by wind. The 
