366 Chemical Co))qmitio)i and CoiunicTcial Value of 
Composition of South American Bone-ash, 
( Commercial Analysis.) 
Jloistur*. 
Organic 
flatter. 
Jloisture 
and Organic 
Matter. 
Phospliatcs 
of Lime 
and Ala^nesia 
(Bone-earth). 
Ciirl^o 11 £1 1 c 
of Lime, 
Fluoride <if 
Calcium, and 
Alkaline Salts. 
Insoluble 
Siliceous 
Matter 
(Sand). 
Total. 
1 
7 ■ 60 
2' 29 
67" 58 
9- 3(j 
13-17 
100 
o 
2 '05 
3" 52 
74-08 
12 - -^9 
7. 7g 
100 
3 
10* 76 
3" 76 
■* 
55 - 36 
7 - 45 
22- 67 
100 
4 
14* 50 
2* 56 
65-89 
9 -44 
7 • fi 1 
100 
12' 52 
1 ■ 20 
66- 33 
7-17 
12-78 
1 0(1 
{J 
16* 37 
64* 44 
9- 13 
10* 00 
loo 
7 
14-38 
67-99 
10' 45 
7- 18 
1 00 
g 
7" 75 
68-97 
15 66 
100 
9 
10' 49 
60" 63 
9 - 99 
18*89 
100 
10 
9 ■ 04 
60- 71 
7 - 34 
16*91 
100 
1 ] 
10" 53 
66 - 33 
7- si; 
15*89 
100 
1'3 
8' 76 
75- 75 
0 ti / 
6* 91 
1 00 
13 
:: 
13-98 
66" 59 
8-42 
11*01 
100 
14 
8 ■ 08 
61*61 
9-40 
20* 91 
100 
15 
7- 7'1 
72-65 
9-45 
10* 17 
100 
16 
9' 68 
64 * 70 
7-63 
17.99 
100 
17 
6 ' 87 
75-05 
12-02 
6 * 06 
100 
18 
8-07 
65-26 
12 ■ 26 
14* 41 
100 
19 
12-97 
63-17 
11-02 
12 ■ 24 
100 
20 
9-59 
70*45 
10-72 
9* 24 
100 
21 
14-58 
67-74 
8-66 
9*02 
100 
22 
11-91 
73-48 
10-43 
4*18 
100 
23 
3-29 
82-48 
10-33 
3-90 
100 
24 
5-63 
77-15 
10-36 
6-86 
100 
25 
9-61 
64-27 
9-95 
16*17 
100 
26 
17-31 
59-67 
8-29 
14-73 
100 
27 
5-44 
75-81 
10-47 
8*28 
100 
28 
8-26 
70*50 
10-32 
10*92 
100 
29 
14-45 
59-13 
8-89 
17- -53 
100 
30 
8-60 
69-09 
7-13 
15-18 
100 
The above were made in the manner usually adopted for 
commercial analyses. It will be seen that, generally speaking, 
samples poor in phosphate of lime are also poor in carbonate of 
lime, lime not united with phosphoric acid, and alkaline salts ; 
and the samples rich in phosphate of lime likewise contain a 
higher percentage of the latter constituents. Thus, the sample 
which contained 66-33 of bone-carth, yielded 7-13 of carbonate 
of lime, i!tc. ; and the sample containing 64-70 of bone-earth, 
yielded 7-63 of carbonate of lime, &c. ; whilst that which gave 
70-45 of bone-ea.rth vielded 10-72 of the latter constituents ; 
and another sample in which 75*05 per cent, of bone-earth were 
found yielded 12*02 of carbonate of lime, 6<.c. 
Considerable allowance of course must be made for the natural 
variations in the composition of the bones which produced the 
ash. It is well known that some bones contain more carbonate 
