386 
On a Course of Cropping adopted in Kent. 
provides lor a succession of spring-feed ; for, when the rye has 
been fed off, the trifolium conies into its prime, and tares follow 
when the trifolium is consumed. When the rye and trifolium 
are disposed of, the ground is dunged and ploughed for swedes ; 
these are drilled with a compost of ashes and dried nightsoil 
(the nightsoil is collected and dried for this purpose in a bay 
filled with ashes). To these 2 cwt. of superphosphate to the 
acre are added; the time of drilling being about June 20th; 
and I have observed year after year, and more particularly in the 
years 1857 and 1858, that these late-sown swedes escaped mil- 
dew, whilst those earlier sown were severely affected. The 
swedes that were sown in 1858, after the foregoing crops, were 
not " firsted " (set out with the hoe) until August 6th, and yet 
they proved one of the finest pieces in the district. One-third 
of this crop is carted home for the beasts in the yard, the 
remainder being fed off with fatting sheep. When the tares are 
fed off, the land is treated in the same manner as for swedes, and 
sown with white turnips to be eaten off by fatting sheep. 
The land under preparation for mangold, after its winter- 
fallow, is dunged and ploughed and treated like that for swedes, 
with the addition of 4 cwt. per acre of guano at the time of 
sowing. This crop is all drawn and clamped for the use of the 
beasts in the yard and the breeding ewes. 
Let me here call attention to the great quantity of food for 
stock which has been raised in this course, and yet the manure 
applied to the root-crops, and left behind by the high-fed fatting 
sheep, will have imparted more elements of enrichment to the 
soil than have been withdrawn by the growing crops. 
In the 2nd year, barley is sown with clover. 
3rd year. — The clover is mown twice, and dunged for wheat. 
4th year. — Wheat, followed by turnips. 
To enable us with advantage to get this succession crop, the 
horse and hand hoe must have been actively brought into use 
whilst the corn was young, and the land must be in good heart. 
The land will then present a very different appearance when the 
corn is cut, from that which it would have assumed if it had 
been dealt with in a niggardly manner, and the cultivation 
required will be proportionately less. A single ploughing will 
then suffice to prepare the land for turnips. 
After trying many descriptions of turnips, I have come to the 
conclusion that the only sorts adapted for the wheat gratten 
are the Orange-jelly and White-stone turnip, on account of the 
quickness with which these two kinds come to maturity. The 
firsting and seconding of this crop, together with the working of 
the horse-hoe, keep down the weeds. These turnips are in general 
