400 Composition of the Yelloio Lupine, Sfc. 
First, as to the season : it was one which, in regard to all 
other crops, was singularly favourable for the burning land in 
question. The wheat grown close at hand was almost the only 
good piece on the farm ; the adjacent barley was unusually good 
(between 10 and 11 sacks, worth 40.';. and upwards, on land 
worth from 12.?. to 15^. per acre) ; the layers had more than 
twice their usual quantity of feed ; moreover, the lupines were 
already on the wane before the season had developed its extreme 
tendency to cold and wet. I cannot think, therefore, that the 
season affected the result : and all the more, because for the 
kindred leguminous crop of tares, when grown on such soils, 
the rain can never fall in excess. 
Next as to management : the land appropriated to the ex- 
periment was the last portion of the green rape reserved for 
feeding the ewes and lambs, until in our bleak district the rye- 
grass layer was nearly ready to receive them. The flock was 
liberally supplied with extra keep, and the land was in good 
heart, as the adjacent barley-crop clearly shows. 
The lupines were sown on the 5th of May : 2 bushels of seed 
per acre, in rows 9 inches apart. On the 12th of May a grass 
layer was sown over these 9i acres, in common with the rest t)f 
the barley-shift. Shortly the yellow lupines appeared, a tolerable 
plant ; the blue never came up so as to form a plant from the 
bad qual ity of the seed . 
By the early part of June there were plants of yellow lupine 3 
and 4 inches high, and their roots were more large, fleshy, and 
long than the stem. At this point they all stopped : those at the 
upper end of the field, where the chalk was near to the surface, 
being the first stunted ; those lower down, where the black sand 
was deeper, soon following that example. From this point the 
grass layer and weeds gained the ascendancy. In the first week 
in July the lupines began to die away, and when the layer was 
fed off on the 23rd of July not a lupine was visible. If it be 
objected that the layer choked the lupines, I can only say that 
when tares have in like manner been sown with layer this was 
not the case ; and moreover, the lupines started with a good 
lead, if they could have kept it ; and their deep and strong roots, 
as well as their stems, ought to have maintained their ascendancy 
but for untoward circumstances. 
If this crop is not suited , to the place in our rotation which 
Mas assigned to it, I hardly know where it can be inserted 
advantageously ; especially, if it cannot hold its own against a 
layer, it will be of little service in my eyes, because I am more 
and more convinced that on heath land, as far as possible, all the 
corn should be put in a whole fnrroin ; and that in a hot season 
this mechanical advantage is of more importance than almost 
