and of their Increase ichilst Fattening. 
485 
weight ; excessively fat slieep may yield 64 per cent, or more. 
Moderately fat pigs, killed for fresh pork, should yield (including 
head and feet) about 80 to 82 per cent, carcass in fasted live- 
weight ; large, well-fattened pigs, fed for curing, will yield a 
considerably higher proportion. In each of the three descriptions 
of animal, the proportion will, however, vary much according 
to breed, age, and condition. 
7. Of the increase over the final 6 months of liberal feeding, 
of moderately fat {1^ to 1^ year old) sheep, 65 to 70 per cent, 
may be reckoned as saleable carcass. Of the increase over the 
final 6 months of liberal feeding, of very fat (If to 2 years old) 
sheep, 75 to 80 per cent, may be reckoned as saleable carcass. 
Of the increase over the final 2 or 3 months of liberal feeding of 
moderately fat pigs, about 90 per cent, (including head and feet) 
may be reckoned as saleable carcass. 
8. When the fattening food of oxen, sheep, and pigs, contains 
less than about 5 parts of non-nitrogenous to 1 of nitrogenous 
compounds, the proportion of gross increase for a given amount 
of dry substance of the food, will not increase with the increased 
proportion of nitrogenous compounds ; the proportion of carcass 
to the live-weight will probably be somewhat less ; and the car- 
casses themselves will be somewhat more bony and fleshy, and 
less fat. 
III. — Chemical Composition of the Animals. 
1. Of total dry substance (excluding contents of stomachs and 
intestines), the entii'e body of a fat calf contained about 34 ; of a 
fat ox ; of a fat lamb nearly 44 ; of a fat sheep about 50 ; of 
a very fat sheep nearly 60 ; and of a moderately fat pig about 55, 
per cent. Of leaner animals, the body of a half-fat ox contained 
40|^, of a store sheep 36f, and of a store pig 39|, per cent, of 
total dry substance. 
2. Of dry nitrogenous compounds, the entire body (including 
therefore, besides flesh, the pelt, hair or wool, bones, and in- 
ternal organs), of a fat calf contained about 15|^ ; of a fat 
ox 14|^ ; of a fat lamb 12^ ; of a fat sheep 12J ; of a very fat 
sheep 11 ; and of a moderately fat pig 11, per cent. The store 
animals contained from 2 to 3 per cent, more nitrogenous com- 
pounds than the corresponding fat ones. 
3. Of dry fat, the entire body of a fat calf contained about 
14^ ; of a fat ox 30 ; of a fat lamb 28^ ; of a fat sheep 35J ; 
of a very fat sheep 45|^ ; and of a moderately fat pig 42, per 
certt. 
4. In the store condition, the entire bodies of calves will 
probably contain from 3^ to 4 per cent. ; of oxen from 4i to 5 
