486 On the Composition of Oxen, Sheep, and Pigs, 
per cent. ; of sheep from 3 to 31^ per cent. ; and of pigs from 
2i- to 3 per cent., of viineral matter. 
5. In the fattened condition, the entire bodies of calves and 
oxen will probably contain from 3^ to 4 per cent. ; those of 
lambs and sheep from 2i to 2f per cent. ; and those of pigs from 
1^ to 1 J per cent., of viineral matter. 
6. The mineral matter of the entire bodies of the animals may 
be reckoned to contain, on the average, nearly 40 per cent, of 
phosphoric acid, and about 6 per cent, of potash. 
7. The mean composition of 6 animals analysed in a con- 
dition fit for the butcher, shows about 3 per cent, mineral 
matter, 13 per cent, nitrogenous compounds, and 33 per cent, 
fat ; in all, about 49 per cent, total dry substance, and 51 per 
cent, water, and contents of stomachs and intestines. 
8. Even in a reputed store or lean condition, the entire bodies 
of oxen, sheep, and pigs, may contain more dry fat than dry 
nitrogenous compounds. 
9. The entire body of a moderately fat ox contained more 
than twice as much ; that of a fat lamb more than twice as 
much ; that of a fat sheep nearly three times as much ; that of a 
very fat sheep four times as much ; and that of a moderately fat 
pig nearly four times as much, dry fat as dry nitrogenous com- 
pounds. 
10. The proportion of mineral matter in the bodies of oxen, 
sheep, and pigs, rises and falls with that of the nitrogenous 
compounds. 
11. The carcasses of moderately fat beef will probably contain 
from 50 to 55 per cent. ; of moderately fat mutton from 55 to 60 
per cent. ; of very fat mutton 65 per cent, or more ; of mode- 
rately fat pigs GO to 65 per cent. ; and of very fat pigs more still, 
of total drij substance. The carcasses of fat lamb about 50 per cent. ; 
and veal carcasses only from 35 to 40 per cent., of total dry sub- 
stance. 
12. The carcasses of moderately fat beef will probably contain 
from 2 to 2 J times ; of moderately fat mutton from 3 to 4 times ; 
of very fat mutton from 5 to 6 times ; of pigs killed for fresh 
pork about 4 times, and of pigs fed for curing, a considerably 
larger proportion, of fat to 1 of nitrogenous compounds. 
IV. — Composition of Increase. 
1. The increase of liberally fed oxen, over 6 months or more 
of the final fattening period, will probably consist of 70 to 
75 per cent, total dry substance ; of which, 60 to 65 parts will 
be lat, 7 to 8 parts nitrogenous compounds, and about 1^ part 
mineral matter. 
