at the Canterbury Meetinp, 1860. 
493 
a very brief ilescriptioa of tho dilTcrent apparatus entered for competition is all 
tiiat is liore necessary. 
Coleman's cultivator is fully described by bis entry. This may be used, 
as an auxiliary iyiplcment by any possessor of jiower and of traction 
tackle. 
Robcy and Co. have adopted Smith's system * of traction, with the im- 
])vovenient of a triangular instead of a rectangular arrangement of the rope. 
A double set of ploughs arc carried on an iron I'rarae ; the ploughs being shifted 
in and out of the ground at the end of the " l)outs " by means of a strong 
lever, worked by the man in charge. 
The engine had two cylinders, 7i inches in diameter, with a 12-inch stroke, 
and was driven at the rate of 160 revolutions per minute, at a pressure of 
50 lbs. on the sqiiare inch. This, allowing 3-lOths for friction, would give a 
mean working-power equal to 28 horses. 
Beard's apparatus was upon the same ]irinciple also, differing only in its 
working arrangements. The winding-drums were firmly fixed by screw-bolts 
to the hind part of the engine, and were worked by a pitch-chain, driven direct 
from the main shaft. A very simple and ingenious movement distributed the 
I'ope in winding equally over the surface of the drum, preventing the over- 
lappins; so injurious to the rope and to the regular working of the apparatus 
generally. The plough used was a double one, made of iron in the ordinary 
manner ; and the tackle was arranged so as to work merely up and down ; the 
anchor-blocks requiring to be shifted frequently as the work proceeded. The 
engine had two cylinders of 5^ inches diameter, with a IO5 inch stroke, and 
was driven at the rate of 160 revolutions per minute, with a pressure of 
50 lbs. on the square inch, which would give a working-power equal to 14*109 
horses. 
Eddington employed a double set of apparatus to do the work. An engine, 
mounted on a travelling-frame carrying the winding-drums, was placed at 
each end of the spiace to be ploughed. The ploughs (Fowler's patent), of 
which two sets were required, worked up to the centre of the ground and then 
returned to their respective starting-places. The engines being placed directly 
over the winding-drums, communicated motion to them very readily and also 
to the driving-wheels of the carriages, which were self-moving as the work 
advanced : while the great resistance its own weight offered to the lateral 
strain of the traction-rope rendered any system of anchorage quite imnecessary. 
The engines used had single cylinders 9 inches in diameter, with a 12-inch 
stroke, and were driven at the rate of 130 revolutions per minute, with a 
]ircssure of 55 lbs. per square inch : thus giving a working-power equal to 
19i horses. 
The general arrangement of Fowler's apparatus is too well known to be again 
described. From year to year improvements have been introduced into the 
working details, while the strength and finish of the engine exhibited, and, 
indeed, of all parts of the apparatus, were worthy of every commendation. 
Fowler's engine had two cylinders 7^ inches in diameter, with a 12-incli 
stroke. It was driven at the rate of 140 revolutions per minute, with a 
pressure of 68 lbs. on the square inch, equivalent to a working-power of 35'68 
horses. 
Tlie trials were continued during the 4th and two following days on the land 
already described ; when, after testing their respective powers in various ways, 
the following results were obtained : — 
* Smith's and Fowler's apparatus and working arrangements are described and 
ilbistrated. vol. xix., p. 326. 
2 L 2 
