126 
Farming of Yorkshire. 
diately felt ; and the books of Messrs. Clayton and Shuttleworth 
record that three agricultural machines were sent by them into 
Yorkshire in 1850, twelve in 1851, and seventy in 1852. Since 
then their use has become general ; and where farms are not 
large enough to keep an engine, there is an ample supply of 
locomotive engines with the threshing-machines to be let on 
hire. Many landlords have erected on their farms a complete 
set of buildings, with an engine to drive the threshing-machine, 
a mill to grind the corn, and other implements, ensuring conve- 
nience, comfort, and profit. 
Steam Ploiujh. — The use of the steam plough has hitherto 
been confined to the strong lands of the level districts, the 
Wold farmers, who seldom plough their light soils more than 
four inches deep, still adhering to the two-horse plough, although 
the large size of their fields, varying from forty to sixty or 
even a hundred acres, seems to afford a favourable opportunity 
for the working of its new rival. In the flat tract of country 
between the Wolds and the sea both Fowler's and Smith's 
systems have been successfully introduced within the last two 
years ; and the establishment of the manufacture of Fowler's 
plough at Leeds must conduce to its use in the neighbourhood. 
Plouglis and Scarifiers. — The modern improved iron ploughs, 
Coleman and Bentall's scarifiers, and the best drills that can be 
procured, are generally used by the improving farmers. In the 
large fields of the Wold district broadcast sowing is entirely 
abandoned, and during the last few years the liquid-manure drill 
has been extensively used, in most cases with good results. 
Turnip-cutter. — The practice of bruising oats and beans, and 
cutting hay and chaff by machinery, for feeding horses and stock, 
may be reported as general throughout the county. Amongst 
other implements of the homestead, an extended use of the new 
machine for pulping roots must be mentioned. Of the small 
implements and machines, it may be observed that a company 
has recently been established, with depots at all the principal 
towns of the county, for the exhibition and sale, at the maker's 
price, of the implements in usual demand, so that the farmer has 
them brought almost to his own door. 
Haymaking-machine. — On the numerous grass-land farms in 
the neighbourhood of the towns, especially near the large manu- 
facturing districts of the county, the use of the haymaking- 
machine is very general, and extensive growers of hay report 
that it has repaid its cost in one season. It is almost impossible 
to overrate the value of a machine which enables the farmer to 
take the greatest advantage of every moment of fine weather in a 
very uncertain climate ; for the never-ceasing clouds of smoke 
from the chimneys of the adjacent manufacturing towns cause 
