174 
Farm Capital. 
The farmer might doubtless purchase many of his implements 
at a less price secondhand ; it must, however, be borne in mind 
that this list is confined to such implements as are absolutchj 
essential, others being here omitted which would be most useful, 
and would no doubt be obtained at the first opportunity. I 
believe the above estimate will be found in practice to approxi- 
mate to the amount of capital required on average clay-farms in 
the midland counties, and that it may be relied on by any one 
about to enter upon a farm of this description. 
I will now proceed to give an estimate of the capital required 
for the profitable occupation of 100 acres of turnip and barley- 
soil, which I am able to do from having had the management of 
a farm of this description on a gravelly subsoil. I do not know 
personally the expense of taking a farm on the Downs, and shall 
therefore not attempt to give an estimate of the expense of 
working such land. 
Supposing, therefore, that 100 acres of land, capable of grow- 
ing turnips and barley to advantage, were conveniently divided 
into ten fields of 10 acres each, and that the Norfolk rotation of 
one-fourth turnips and vetches, one^fourth barley, one-fourth 
seeds or pulse, and one- fourth wheat was followed. Then — 
The first field of 10 .acres would be turnips after wheat, at a 
cost of : — £. s. d. 
*First ploughing, at 12s. per acre £6 0 0 
*Second ditto, across, at 10s. per acre .. .. 5 0 0 
*Scuffling once, at 5s. per acre .. .. .. .. 2 10 0 
Eolling and harrowing, at 3s. Gd. per acre .. 1 15 0 
*Eaking and burning twitch and weeds, at 10s. 
per acre .. .. 50 0 
*Mariuring, at 15s. per acre 7 10 0 
*Ploughing for seed, at 10s. per acre 5 0 0 
2J lbs. turnip-seed per acre, at Is. per lb 15 0 
*Drilling and rolling, 5s. ; harrowing, Is. : = 6s. 
per acre 3 0 0 
Hoeing twice, at 8s. per acre 4 0 0 
Weeding, at 2s. per acre 100 
1 year's rent, say at 21. per acre 20 0 0 
1 year's rates, at 3s. Qd. per acre 1 15 0 
-■ 63 15 0 
The second field of 10 acres will be turnips after wheat : — 
At the above expense of 63 15 0 
The third field of 10 acres \\'ill be divided into two parts of 5 acres 
each : — 
The first 5 acres will be vetches after wheat, costing — 
5 acres ploughed, at 10s. per acre 2 10 0 
Sowing, 5s. ; harrowing, Is. : = 6s. jier acre .. 1 10 0 
2 bushels of seed per acre, at 10s. per bushel . . 5 0 0 
9 0 0 
Carried forward .. .. 136 10 0 
exceeding by that amount the items of outlay omitted in this account, as shown in 
a previous note. — P. H. F. 
