Farm Capital. 
183 
now ascertained, or readily diminished in the second by readjust- 
ment of the calculations. The Essay must stand therefore as, on 
the whole, a careful record of facts applicable to a certain district. 
If we attempt to pass from the consideration of that which 
has been done on one spot to what, should be the general practice, 
the divergence will perhaps be so consideraljlc under the head 
of cultivation, that no amount of revision could have reconciled 
our aspirations with the record before us. 
In one point of view only can I regard the item " cultivation " 
with any satisfaction, viz., that after all, it bears but a small pro- 
portion to the entire sum required for taking and stocking a 
larm, yet it must not be overlooked that this is almost the only 
head which it is in our power materially to modif)\ Our 
grounds of dissatisfaction are twofold : — 
1st. That in spite of the aspirations and lively anticipations 
of many of the most able and practical writers on agriculture 
over a series of years, these numerous ploughings still com- 
monly hold their ground in making a turnip-fallow ; and 
2ndly. That, in the event of a change of tenancy, the works 
of tillage to be performed are too often left to the choice of the 
outgoing tenant, or the now arbitrary decision of tradition and 
custom, and that the rate of payment allowed for them by that 
same custom is generally excessive. 
To show what these aspirations have been, two references will 
suffice ; one of early, another of recent date : — 
In vol. xi. p. 423 of this ' Journal,' Mr. Pusey, when describing 
the work of making a fallow after the old fashion, with its 
winter-ploughing, followed by spring-ploughing, dragging, scari- 
fying, heavy-rolling, harrowing, light-rolling, and picking, — a 
series of operations "to be repeated a second, and very likely a 
third time," adds, " all this I have done, and done for the last 
time." He then quotes from Bayldon a schedule of operations, 
costing 21. 9s. 6rf.* in all, and is sanguine enough to anticipate 
Per Acre. 
* £ S. d. 
First ploiigliing at Cliristmas, at the rate of f of an acre a day .. 0 10 0 
Second plougliiiig iu the spring, at 1 acre per day 0 8 0 
Four times of liairowing 040 
Rolling once 0 1 0 
Gathering and burning couch 0 1 C 
Third plougliing 0 7 0 
Three haiTowings 0 3 0 
Rolling 0 10' 
Two harrowings 0 2 0 
Couching 0 \ 0 
Fourth ploughing 0 7 0 
Harrowing and rolling 0 3 0 
Couching, &c., last time 0 1 0 
£2 9 6 
