324 
Faiming of Ilampshue. 
regulating the depth of the work, enabling the ploughman to 
alter his plough without stopping his horses, _is just what was 
wanted in a " sideling country " like this. The other improve- 
ment of the native implement is patented by Messrs. Wallis and 
Haslam. The beam is loose in a socket at the head of the gear, 
and so sufficient play is admitted to prevent the plough being 
thrown out of its work when used in stony ground. The socket 
also turns every way on a pin, which is in the same straight line 
with the screw for elevation or depression above. The simplicity 
of construction is here unquestionable. There is nothing to get 
out of order. 
7. The buildincjs throughout Hants are not substantial, being 
constructed of bad temporary materials, wood and thatch. It is 
easy to say they ought to be better, but where are better materials 
to come from ? The newest, and best, retain the wooden walls, 
though the roof now has slate instead of straw. The use of timber 
for the sides admits of defence. Stone or brick never keeps 
the barley dry, the outside grain always threshing badly. Courses 
of brick as high as the rainwater from the roof splashes, and 
above them boards, — this is the most approved mode of con- 
struction in Hampshire. 
8. The labourers^ cottages are also too often bad, and the pro- 
blem yet remains to be solved, how to provide decent and com- 
fortable habitations for the labouring poor, and yet at the same 
time to make the rents a fair return on the capital expended. 
Whoever discovers a mode of erecting cottages which shall give 
sufficient accommodation to a labourer and his family, and yet 
yield a fair percentage in rent, will confer a great boon on 
all connected with agriculture, from the highest to the lowest. 
There is no better field for working out this problem than in 
Hampshire, for nowhere are building materials, with the excep- 
tion of lime, so deficient. But it is idle to adduce, as admitting 
of general application, charitable projects which are founded 
on philanthropy to the disregard of self-interest. The real 
remedy will meet the requirements both of the tenant and of the 
builder. 
9. Tenancies. — There is an arrangement between the outgoing 
and incoming tenants, which used to be universal in the county ; 
it is going out in the south, but it extensively prevails in the 
centre, and is general in the north. The change of tenancy as 
regards the landlord is at Michaelmas, but between the outgoing 
and incoming tenants there is a joint interest in some of the 
lands and of the buildings, and in half the house, before and 
after that date, for more than a year. "They work in and 
out," as the phrase goes ; the incomer works in by entering on 
such of the land as wants cultivation, and by sharing the stable, 
on the 1st of February ; at Michaelmas he has all the land ; he 
