366 
Isle of Wight. 
rather worse than theirs. He brings the poor higher lying land 
into good cultivation by following his corn crops with green crops, 
such as Italian rye grass and trilolium. The former is hoed into 
the wheat at the last hoeing in the spring, the trifolium scratched 
into the wheat-stubbles. Both are forced with artificial manures, 
and yield heavy summer night and day foldings, with cake or 
corn. They are hard food, never scouring the lambs, and form a 
substitute in this district for the sainfoin of the chalk country. 
The fold is immediately followed by the cultivator, and turnips 
put in at once. Here is a significant entry in Mr. Hughes's 
farm-book : " July 5. Broke up Northfield Avith Coleman ; 
harrowed, rolled, and burnt the rubbish ; drilled purple-puddings 
the same afternoon^ And so on, from day to day, as fast as the 
land was cleared ; the Avork was begun and finished within the 
da I/, up to August 15th. Some of the earliest sown of these 
purple puddings I saw on the ground in November. The crop, 
not less than 30 tons, was too great to be consumed on the spot 
— on one half the . sheep were folded, the other half was being 
hauled to the barley stubble, where the breeding ewes would be 
folded at night, and manure the ground for peas. So that 1 acre 
of the turnip crop manures 2 acres of land — one where the crop 
is, another elsewhere. The young turnip-plant Avill want cutting 
out at a very busy time, in the middle of harvest, some one will 
say. Mr. Hughes has met that difficulty, as Mr. Pusey suggested 
in the Society's Journal some years since. One fine summer 
morning he and his carpenter (no one else could be spared) got 
up early, and put Garrett's horse hoe through the ranks. Mr. 
Pusey had given no very specific directions, and the Thorness 
imitators made a natural mistake at starting. They put the heels 
of the knives towards the plants to be left. This was found to 
cover them with mould, and was soon coiTected by boldly turning 
towards them the points. In addition to the fine tillage thus pro- 
duced, the work was so accurately regulai', that, as the labourers 
expressed it, the field was like panes of glass. Mr. Hughes covers 
his roots that are to be first consumed in the furrow with the 
plough, as Mr. Boxall does, though he does not turn so much 
earth over them, in consequence of the greater mildness of the 
climate. 
The naturally strong, but misused, and so worn and washed 
out, clays in the valleys, Mr. Hughes improves by laying them 
down to broad clover and a mixture of grasses, for two or three 
years, assisting these with artificial manures, cutting one crop 
and feeding another. 
The root land comes into barley ; or, if too strong for barley, 
then into beans or oats, which are grown on the lower grounds. 
Barley is preferred for the higher, and is there found of good 
