Ravaqps of Iiiscr/s on l-'ines. 
44!) 
perfect pknt, and the manure an abiuidant crop during four successive 
years, I have thought that these facts may afford useful hints to some 
of the readers of oiu- Journal. 
On the Proper Distance hetwcen the Jiows of Wlieat, ns a general rule. 
I had observed, some years ago, that practically the question of 
width lay between 7 and 9 inches, and the quantity of seed varied 
between two and three bushels per acre. Desirous of arriving at 
some conclusion on these points for my governance on my own farm, 
which comprises heavy and light land, I have, during the last five 
yeai-s, sown several half-acre plots in the same iicld, varying in width 
fi'om 8 to 12 inches between the rows, and with from fom' to eight 
pecks of seed per acre. Any one who has tried such experiments will 
have found, on comparing those of one yeai" with those of another, in 
different fields, very perplexing discrepancies, arising from the variety 
of laud sometimes occui'ring in the same field, and otlier disturbing 
causes. It is therefore only by repeated experiment, year by year, in 
different fields, that a reliable impression can be arrived at. The result 
of the exiierimcuts on my farm has been in favour of 12-inch intervals, 
and six pecks of seed. The largest produce I had in any year was 
from fom- pecks of seed with 12-inch intervals. I may add, these 
experiments have been made indifferently on light stonebrash and 
tenacious soils on stiff clay. Dm-ing seasons in which mildew has 
been prevalent, I have observed that it has to a somewhat greater 
extent attacked the straw of the 12-inch than that with 8 or 9 inch 
intervals — a result I should not have anticipated a p-iori. 
Ravages of Insects on Pines. 
Though the follo^ving communication respecting a plantation on my 
farm belongs rather to arboricultm-e than agi-icultm-e, the warning may 
be useful to many readers of the Journal. In a belt of trees, planted 
some sixty years ago as a screen against the north wind, tliere was an 
outside row of Scotch fii's. These having become bare and almost 
useless for the intended pm-pose, six years ago I planted between them 
small plants of the Pinus Aiistriaca, a more close-growing and effective 
species for the purpose, with the view of removing the Scotch firs 
when the Austriacas got well established. This plantation was divided 
in the middle by an entrance-road to the farm. The Scotch firs on 
one side the road were cut down and carried away at once in the 
autumn of 18G0. In the winter of the same year those in the other 
division were cut down, but fi'om one cause or another were left on 
the groimd till they could be removed without damage to the crops 
adjoining, and remained in the plantation during the following sum- 
mer. The Aiistriacas were at that time growing most luxiuiantly, the 
peculiar tint of their foliage evidencing perfect health and vigour. 
Late in the summer, to my vexation, I saw the tips of every branch 
