78 
The Labour Bill in Farming. 
Labour. 
Cake Corn, Manure, &c., 
purchased. 
8. 
d. 
u. 
1843 
u 
f\ 
\3 
0 
1844 
con 
bzU 
Q 
0 
^ 00 1 0 
A 
4 
1845 
597 
19 
482 12 
4 
1846* 
556 
2 
4 
577 15 
10 
1847 
690 
1-i 
Q 1 
OJ 
676 9 
A 
1848 
coo 
6 
760 7 
A 
U 
1849 
646 
10 
1 A 
10 
711 U 
c 
1850t 
592 
6 
u 
556 11 
5 
1851 
ooy 
15 
J. 
1852 
555 
2 
1 
617 11 
7 
1853 
(>24 
1 
4 
100 1 
6 
1854 
Q 
o 
9 
OOl 1 J. 
1 
1855 
■— n ~T 
/97 
7 
8 
1,250 15 
er 
0 
1856 
775 
18 
1 01 A 1 it 
l.zlU lo 
y 
1857 
767 
11 
1 
622 1 
A 
0 
1858 
7ol 
12 
/ 
AOA 1 
you 17 
t 1 
11 
1859t 
749 
11 
1 t 
11 
1860 
794 
5 
8 
yi.T 1 
0 
1861 
814 
2 
1 
1,159 18 
11 
1862§ 
785 
10 
6 
1,368 14 
11 
1863 
7i;6 
2 
8 
1,220 I 
0 
186411 
712 
4 
1,189 14 
4 
I8t;9 
906 
7 
0 
995 19 
10 
1870 
916 
3 
6 
1,010 9 
6 
1871 
879 
15 
1 
907 12 
6 
1872 
943 
10 
0 
1,104 6 
2 
1873^ 
964 
3 
8 
820 15 
0 I 
The year ending September, 1874, would show an addition to 
the labour bill of about 100/. The fact prominently brought out 
by these figures is one already indicated — that the introduction 
of machinery and of high farming increases the demand for 
manual labour instead of diminishing it. During the later years 
covered by these statistics, machine-reapers and mowers, and root- 
mincers have been used, and steam-power has been employed in 
threshing and for other purposes. Yet the money spent in manual 
labour has hitherto gradually increased. On the other hand, 
the number of horses has been gradually reduced from 19 in 
1868 to 15 at the present time by the use of double* ploughs, 
and by keeping more land down in sainfoin. The farmer, too, 
is employing six men fewer than in 1873. This reduction of 
staff is in part due to the dry season of 1874, but the farmer, 
being put to the test during the lock-out, is of opinion that he 
♦ Guano first tried and Lawps's turnip manure first used. 
t Horse-power thresliing-machine bought, and nitrate of soda first tried. 
X Renpiiig-machine bought tliis year. 
§ Sttam thrcsliing-machine purcliased. 
II There is a break in the account here till 1869. 
<il Ending September 1, 
