and Water used for General Purposes. 
133 
The entire district draining into the rivers Lowther, Eamont, 
md Greta, and adjoining the lakes of Hawes-Water, UUswater, 
and Thirlmere, is bare hill-pasture, on siliceous, primitive, or 
igneous rocks ; and it possesses all the attributes of a locality from 
which an enormous amount of water of remarkable purity and 
softness may be obtained, as the preceding analyses by Professor 
Way show. 
The proportion of organic matter in all these samples is 
small ; and they all likewise contain only a small pioportion of 
fixed constituents per gallon. The waters of these three lakes, 
practically speaking, are as soft as those of the Scottish lakes 
analysed by me, and all are admirably suited for the domestic 
supply of town populations. 
Miver-ivaters. — Most of the waters in the granite regions of 
the north of Scotland contain as little as from 4 to 5 grains 
of fixed constituents in the gallon, and many small mountain- 
brooks and Scottish rivers contain but little more, as the fol- 
lowing average analyses of a large number of samples of water 
from Scotland made by Dr. Letheby and myself will show :■ — • 
Composition of Water from the South Esk and Tweedale Bukn. 
South Esk. 
Tweedale Burn. 
Grains. 
Grains. 
Au imperial gallon contained : — 
1-4.3 
1 55 
•97 
•64 
•98 
•42 
1-54 
1-04 
•27 
■36 
•52 
l^-26 
Total solid constituents per gallon in grains 
5-71 
5-27 
•005 
•002 
Organic (albumiaoid) ammonia 
•009 
•005 
Degrees of hardness : — 
3^6° 
3-6° 
3^1° 
2-4° 
Spring-waters. — Excellent pure and soft spring-waters rise in 
the Green-sand of Surrey. The following analyses are quoted 
from a Parliamentary Report on the water-supply of the metro- 
polis. The samples were collected in the district of the Hind- 
head, to the south of Guildford, in Surrey, pretty well defined, 
which district includes the watershed on all sides of an ele- 
vated tract belonging to the Green-sand formation, and known 
as the Hindhead, over the summit of which the foot-road to 
Plymouth is carried for several miles. 
